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Automation Risk Analysis

Will “Scientist” be Automated?

Historical Context: Oxford Study (2013)

Ranked #99 of 702. Estimated risk: 2.7%

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AI Exposure Risk

62%

“Scientist” will maybe be replaced by AI.

Based on the cognitive demands, communication requirements, and logical reasoning intrinsic to this occupation according to O*NET data, we project a 62% probability of disruption by generative AI and Large Language Models.

Automation & Robot Risk

47%

“Scientist” will probably not be replaced by robots.

Evaluating the physical dexterity, repetitive motion tasks, and manual labor associated with this role, our analysis indicates a 47% likelihood of substitution by advanced robotics systems.

Personal & Financial Insights

Every occupation has a unique profile. For Biochemists and Biophysicists, the Bureau of Labor Statistics and O*NET classify the day-to-day work broadly as: Study the chemical composition or physical principles of living cells and organisms, their electrical and mechanical energy, and related phenomena. May conduct research to further understanding of the complex chemical combinations and reactions involved in metabolism, reproduction, growth, and heredity. May determine the effects of foods, drugs, serums, hormones, and other substances on tissues and vital processes of living organisms.

Avg. Annual Salary $115,570
Avg. Hourly Wage $55.56
Available Jobs (US) 34,520
Job Title & Hierarchy Code (SOC) Biochemists and Biophysicists #19-1021
Wage vs. National Median
ℹ️

Data is based on the reference occupation: “Biochemists and Biophysicists”

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Related Occupations & Automation Risk

Economists

AI Risk 63%
Robot Risk 15%

Industrial Ecologists

AI Risk 61%
Robot Risk 23%

Geographers

AI Risk 61%
Robot Risk 28%

Environmental Economists

AI Risk 61%
Robot Risk 18%

Atmospheric and Space Scientists

AI Risk 61%
Robot Risk 28%

Medical Scientists, Except Epidemiologists

AI Risk 61%
Robot Risk 41%

Core Skills & Abilities

  • Study spatial configurations of submicroscopic molecules, such as proteins, using x-rays or electron microscopes.

  • Research transformations of substances in cells, using atomic isotopes.

  • Examine the molecular or chemical aspects of immune system functioning.

  • Produce pharmaceutically or industrially useful proteins, using recombinant DNA technology.

  • Isolate, analyze, or synthesize vitamins, hormones, allergens, minerals, or enzymes and determine their effects on body functions.

  • Prepare reports or recommendations, based upon research outcomes.

  • Develop methods to process, store, or use foods, drugs, or chemical compounds.

  • Study physical principles of living cells or organisms and their electrical or mechanical energy, applying methods and knowledge of mathematics, physics, chemistry, or biology.

  • Study the chemistry of living processes, such as cell development, breathing and digestion, or living energy changes, such as growth, aging, or death.

  • Teach or advise undergraduate or graduate students or supervise their research.

  • Research how characteristics of plants or animals are carried through successive generations.

  • Prepare pharmaceutical compounds for commercial distribution.

  • Design or perform experiments with equipment, such as lasers, accelerators, or mass spectrometers.

  • Develop new methods to study the mechanisms of biological processes.

  • Develop or execute tests to detect diseases, genetic disorders, or other abnormalities.

  • Write grant proposals to obtain funding for research.

  • Investigate the nature, composition, or expression of genes or research how genetic engineering can impact these processes.

  • Study the mutations in organisms that lead to cancer or other diseases.

  • Share research findings by writing scientific articles or by making presentations at scientific conferences.

  • Determine the three-dimensional structure of biological macromolecules.

  • Design or build laboratory equipment needed for special research projects.

  • Research the chemical effects of substances, such as drugs, serums, hormones, or food, on tissues or vital processes.

  • Develop or test new drugs or medications intended for commercial distribution.

  • Manage laboratory teams or monitor the quality of a team's work.

Technologies & Software

  • Microsoft Visio
  • GEPASI
  • Elicit
  • Graphics software
  • Python
  • Tripos SYBYL
  • Chemistry at Harvard Molecular Mechanics CHARMm
  • Laboratory information management system LIMS
  • Minitab
  • Golden Helix HelixTree
  • Adobe Photoshop
  • GE Healthcare ImageQuant TL
  • Structure prediction software
  • AutoQuant AutoDeblur
  • Crystallography software
  • Accelrys Cerius2
  • Qwen (Alibaba)
  • Hodgkin-Huxley Model software
  • Basic Local Alignment Search Tool BLAST
  • Chang Bioscience ToolKit
  • Dassault Systemes Abaqus
  • Shrodinger Jaguar
  • Accelrys QAUNTA
  • Molecular Devices Corporation MetaFluor
  • Gaussian software
  • Scite AI
  • Macroscopic diffusion software
  • Llama (Meta)
  • Molecular Devices Corporation MetaMorph
  • Semantic Scholar AI
  • JustBio SeqPainter
  • Intelligent Imaging Innovations SlideBook
  • Internet browser software
  • Perl
  • SAP software
  • Genetics computer group GSG software
  • Voltage-gated ion channels software
  • Perplexity AI
  • Electronic lab notebook software
  • Crystallography & NMR System (CNS)
  • PREMIER Biosoft Array Designer
  • Accelrys FELIX
  • Semichem AMPAC
  • 3D graphics software
  • ItemTracker
  • Carrier-mediated transport software
  • Grok (xAI)
  • Claude (Anthropic)
  • DeepSeek
  • Microsoft Outlook
  • Sequence database software
  • Molecular Networks GmbH Biochemical Pathways
  • Microsoft PowerPoint
  • The MathWorks MATLAB
  • Golden Helix ChemTree
  • Elsevier MDL ISIS/Draw
  • Presentation software
  • Kimi (Moonshot AI)
  • Analysis and building software
  • Accelrys Insight II
  • ESRI What if?
  • Linux
  • Microsoft Office software
  • Molecular Simulations WebLab ViewerPro
  • Wavefunction Spartan
  • Mistral (Mistral AI)
  • Email software
  • Fujitsu MOPAC
  • IBM SPSS Statistics
  • Microsoft Word
  • Video analysis software
  • Consensus
  • Wavefunction Titan
  • Molecular simulation software
  • Expression DNA and protein sequence software
  • Docking and ligand binding software
  • R
  • Fujitsu BioMedCache
  • Gemini (Google)
  • Microsoft Excel
  • Assisted model building with energy refinement AMBER
  • Nova (Amazon)
  • Statistical software
  • Mistral AI (chat/models)
  • Word processing software
  • Yet another scientific artificial reality application YASARA software
  • ChemInnovation Software Chem 4-D
  • NotebookLM (Google)
  • Multivariate statistical program MVSP software
  • ChatGPT (OpenAI)
  • SAS
  • Gemini for Workspace
  • Extensible markup language XML
  • Ultraviolet UV transilluminators
  • Microphysiometers
  • Differential scanning calorimeters
  • Circular dichroism spectroscopes
  • Cryotransmission electron microscopes
  • Darkroom equipment
  • Spectrophotometers
  • Transmission electron microscopes TEM
  • Plotters
  • Glassware condensers
  • Laser induced temperature jump nanosecond relaxation spectrometer systems
  • Water purification units
  • Ionometers
  • Refrigerated centrifuges
  • Lasers
  • Shaking waterbaths
  • Atomic force microscopes
  • Signal generators
  • Chemical fume hoods
  • Krypton lasers
  • Mossbauer spectroscopes
  • Electroencephalography EEG equipment
  • Flow cytometers
  • Freeze dryers
  • Electrophoresis power supplies
  • Funnels
  • Pipettes
  • Personal computers
  • Phosphorimagers
  • Scanning electron microscopes SEM
  • Liquid handling robots
  • Vacuum freezers
  • Glassware adaptors
  • Rotating anode X ray generators
  • Peptide synthesizers
  • Flame ionization detectors FID
  • Optical tweezers
  • Heat incubators
  • Biofreezers
  • Spectrofluorimeters
  • Balances
  • Laboratory convection ovens
  • Carbon dioxide CO2 incubators
  • Microscope slides
  • Protein sequencers
  • Specific gravity balances
  • Cryogenic freezers
  • Shaking incubators
  • Multichannel detectors
  • Sonicators
  • Microplate readers
  • Mass spectrometers
  • Medical magnetic resonance imaging MRI equipment
  • Electron paramagnetic resonance EPR spectrometers
  • Ultramicrotomes
  • Deoxyribonucleic acid DNA sequencers
  • Nanoscopes
  • Sartorius balances
  • Water baths
  • Automated electrophoresis equipment
  • Medical magnetic resonance imaging MRI microscopes
  • Positron emission tomography PET scanners
  • Auto gamma counters
  • Autoclaves
  • Cryostat tissue microtomes
  • Large upright microscopes
  • Incubators
  • Transillumination microscopes
  • Fourier transform infrared FTIR spectroscopes
  • Notebook computers
  • Neodymium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet Nd:YAG lasers
  • Laser printers
  • Cytospin centrifuges
  • Desktop computers
  • Solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance NMR equipment
  • Continuous flow centrifuges
  • Raman difference spectrometers
  • Light scattering devices
  • Magnetic piconewton-force transducers
  • Microcalorimeters
  • Dichroic beamsplitters
  • Argon lasers
  • Analytical ultracentrifuges
  • Electron spin resonance spectroscopes
  • Fermenters
  • High-pressure high-temperature reactors
  • Scanning laser microscopes
  • Scanners
  • Dual wavelength spectroscopes
  • Beakers
  • Langmuir balances
  • Sapphire lasers
  • Thermal imagers
  • Phosphorimager video cameras
  • Microinjectors
  • Test tubes
  • Tabletop centrifuges
  • Gamma ray irradiators
  • Homogenizers
  • Filtering funnels
  • Hot plates
  • Laser tweezers
  • Inverted microscopes
  • Basic vapor pressure osmometers
  • Pasteur pipettes
  • Capillary electrophoresis equipment
  • Binocular light compound microscopes
  • Nuclear magnetic resonance NMR spectroscopes
  • Automatic pipetters
  • Microcentrifuges
  • Top-loading electronic balances
  • Amino acid analyzers
  • Analytical balances
  • Cryomicroscopes
  • Laminar flow hoods
  • Hemoglobin analyzers
  • Electron microscopes
  • Automatic x ray film developers
  • Graduated cylinders
  • Laser particle sizers
  • Power amplifiers
  • Gas chromatographs GC
  • Ultrasonic cleaners
  • Liquid nuclear magnetic resonance NMR equipment
  • Orbital shakers
  • High-pressure liquid chromatographs
  • Confocal microscopes
  • Cryocut microtomes
  • Solid state diode lasers
  • Computerized axial tomography CAT scan equipment
  • Brewster angle microscopes
  • Viscometers
  • Ultracentrifuges
  • X ray crystallography equipment
  • Multi-angle elastic-light scattering systems
  • Heat blocks
  • Mettler balances
  • Scintillation counters
  • X ray microscopes
  • Sample concentrators
  • Isothermal titration calorimeters ITC
  • Fluorescence spectroscopes
  • Rheometers
  • Linear accelerators
  • Laser Doppler zeta potential analyzers
  • Mainframe computers
  • Video positioning equipment
  • Vibratome tissue sectioning systems
  • Circulating water cooling systems
  • Microdosimeters
  • Microsusceptometers
  • Flexi-dry lyophilizers
  • Biological safety hoods
  • Synchrotrons
  • Spectropolarimeters
  • Cell sorters
  • Magnetic tweezers
  • Growth chambers
  • Erlenmeyer flasks
  • Chemistry analyzers
  • Gel boxes
  • pH meters
  • Near-field light microscopes
  • Stopped-flow spectrophotometers
  • Laboratory vacuum pumps
  • Charge-coupled device CCD cameras
  • Video enhanced differential interference contrast microscopes
  • Heating mantles
  • Megafuge centrifuges
  • Ultraviolet UV spectroscopes

Alternative Job Titles