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Automation Risk Analysis

Will “Toxicologist” be Automated?

Historical Context: Oxford Study (2013)

Ranked #99 of 702. Estimated risk: 2.7%

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AI Exposure Risk

62%

“Toxicologist” will maybe be replaced by AI.

Based on the cognitive demands, communication requirements, and logical reasoning intrinsic to this occupation according to O*NET data, we project a 62% probability of disruption by generative AI and Large Language Models.

Automation & Robot Risk

47%

“Toxicologist” will probably not be replaced by robots.

Evaluating the physical dexterity, repetitive motion tasks, and manual labor associated with this role, our analysis indicates a 47% likelihood of substitution by advanced robotics systems.

Personal & Financial Insights

Every occupation has a unique profile. For Biochemists and Biophysicists, the Bureau of Labor Statistics and O*NET classify the day-to-day work broadly as: Study the chemical composition or physical principles of living cells and organisms, their electrical and mechanical energy, and related phenomena. May conduct research to further understanding of the complex chemical combinations and reactions involved in metabolism, reproduction, growth, and heredity. May determine the effects of foods, drugs, serums, hormones, and other substances on tissues and vital processes of living organisms.

Avg. Annual Salary $115,570
Avg. Hourly Wage $55.56
Available Jobs (US) 34,520
Job Title & Hierarchy Code (SOC) Biochemists and Biophysicists #19-1021
Wage vs. National Median
ℹ️

Data is based on the reference occupation: “Biochemists and Biophysicists”

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Related Occupations & Automation Risk

Economists

AI Risk 63%
Robot Risk 15%

Industrial Ecologists

AI Risk 61%
Robot Risk 23%

Geographers

AI Risk 61%
Robot Risk 28%

Environmental Economists

AI Risk 61%
Robot Risk 18%

Atmospheric and Space Scientists

AI Risk 61%
Robot Risk 28%

Medical Scientists, Except Epidemiologists

AI Risk 61%
Robot Risk 41%

Core Skills & Abilities

  • Isolate, analyze, or synthesize vitamins, hormones, allergens, minerals, or enzymes and determine their effects on body functions.

  • Write grant proposals to obtain funding for research.

  • Teach or advise undergraduate or graduate students or supervise their research.

  • Produce pharmaceutically or industrially useful proteins, using recombinant DNA technology.

  • Study the mutations in organisms that lead to cancer or other diseases.

  • Share research findings by writing scientific articles or by making presentations at scientific conferences.

  • Study the chemistry of living processes, such as cell development, breathing and digestion, or living energy changes, such as growth, aging, or death.

  • Examine the molecular or chemical aspects of immune system functioning.

  • Manage laboratory teams or monitor the quality of a team's work.

  • Prepare reports or recommendations, based upon research outcomes.

  • Develop or execute tests to detect diseases, genetic disorders, or other abnormalities.

  • Study spatial configurations of submicroscopic molecules, such as proteins, using x-rays or electron microscopes.

  • Develop or test new drugs or medications intended for commercial distribution.

  • Study physical principles of living cells or organisms and their electrical or mechanical energy, applying methods and knowledge of mathematics, physics, chemistry, or biology.

  • Develop new methods to study the mechanisms of biological processes.

  • Research the chemical effects of substances, such as drugs, serums, hormones, or food, on tissues or vital processes.

  • Research how characteristics of plants or animals are carried through successive generations.

  • Design or perform experiments with equipment, such as lasers, accelerators, or mass spectrometers.

  • Determine the three-dimensional structure of biological macromolecules.

  • Design or build laboratory equipment needed for special research projects.

  • Develop methods to process, store, or use foods, drugs, or chemical compounds.

  • Research transformations of substances in cells, using atomic isotopes.

  • Prepare pharmaceutical compounds for commercial distribution.

  • Investigate the nature, composition, or expression of genes or research how genetic engineering can impact these processes.

Technologies & Software

  • Molecular simulation software
  • Mistral (Mistral AI)
  • Chemistry at Harvard Molecular Mechanics CHARMm
  • Semichem AMPAC
  • DeepSeek
  • PREMIER Biosoft Array Designer
  • Nova (Amazon)
  • Statistical software
  • Shrodinger Jaguar
  • Gemini for Workspace
  • Microsoft Visio
  • Wavefunction Spartan
  • Multivariate statistical program MVSP software
  • Molecular Networks GmbH Biochemical Pathways
  • Structure prediction software
  • Accelrys QAUNTA
  • Laboratory information management system LIMS
  • Fujitsu BioMedCache
  • Docking and ligand binding software
  • Elicit
  • The MathWorks MATLAB
  • Yet another scientific artificial reality application YASARA software
  • Fujitsu MOPAC
  • Microsoft PowerPoint
  • Presentation software
  • Semantic Scholar AI
  • Video analysis software
  • ChemInnovation Software Chem 4-D
  • Gaussian software
  • 3D graphics software
  • Microsoft Word
  • Crystallography & NMR System (CNS)
  • SAP software
  • Accelrys Cerius2
  • SAS
  • Assisted model building with energy refinement AMBER
  • Llama (Meta)
  • Dassault Systemes Abaqus
  • JustBio SeqPainter
  • Scite AI
  • GE Healthcare ImageQuant TL
  • Golden Helix HelixTree
  • Consensus
  • Golden Helix ChemTree
  • Mistral AI (chat/models)
  • Gemini (Google)
  • Grok (xAI)
  • Accelrys FELIX
  • Adobe Photoshop
  • ItemTracker
  • Electronic lab notebook software
  • Analysis and building software
  • Basic Local Alignment Search Tool BLAST
  • Tripos SYBYL
  • Extensible markup language XML
  • Claude (Anthropic)
  • Carrier-mediated transport software
  • Voltage-gated ion channels software
  • Molecular Devices Corporation MetaFluor
  • NotebookLM (Google)
  • Molecular Devices Corporation MetaMorph
  • GEPASI
  • R
  • Wavefunction Titan
  • Minitab
  • Intelligent Imaging Innovations SlideBook
  • Genetics computer group GSG software
  • Kimi (Moonshot AI)
  • IBM SPSS Statistics
  • Qwen (Alibaba)
  • Microsoft Outlook
  • Email software
  • Crystallography software
  • Accelrys Insight II
  • ChatGPT (OpenAI)
  • Graphics software
  • Perl
  • Elsevier MDL ISIS/Draw
  • Expression DNA and protein sequence software
  • Macroscopic diffusion software
  • ESRI What if?
  • Sequence database software
  • Word processing software
  • Python
  • Microsoft Office software
  • Microsoft Excel
  • Molecular Simulations WebLab ViewerPro
  • Internet browser software
  • Hodgkin-Huxley Model software
  • Perplexity AI
  • AutoQuant AutoDeblur
  • Chang Bioscience ToolKit
  • Linux
  • Brewster angle microscopes
  • Flame ionization detectors FID
  • Multi-angle elastic-light scattering systems
  • Liquid handling robots
  • Water baths
  • Ultraviolet UV transilluminators
  • Ultracentrifuges
  • X ray crystallography equipment
  • Microsusceptometers
  • Notebook computers
  • Capillary electrophoresis equipment
  • Nanoscopes
  • Nuclear magnetic resonance NMR spectroscopes
  • Electrophoresis power supplies
  • Pasteur pipettes
  • Protein sequencers
  • Flow cytometers
  • Spectrophotometers
  • Autoclaves
  • Magnetic piconewton-force transducers
  • Cryogenic freezers
  • Microcalorimeters
  • Spectropolarimeters
  • Gamma ray irradiators
  • Vacuum freezers
  • Glassware condensers
  • Liquid nuclear magnetic resonance NMR equipment
  • Auto gamma counters
  • Sonicators
  • Differential scanning calorimeters
  • Cytospin centrifuges
  • Multichannel detectors
  • Biofreezers
  • Thermal imagers
  • Optical tweezers
  • Specific gravity balances
  • Homogenizers
  • Transillumination microscopes
  • Electroencephalography EEG equipment
  • Chemical fume hoods
  • Microinjectors
  • Linear accelerators
  • Dual wavelength spectroscopes
  • Mettler balances
  • Analytical balances
  • Vibratome tissue sectioning systems
  • Laminar flow hoods
  • Laser particle sizers
  • Flexi-dry lyophilizers
  • Signal generators
  • Automated electrophoresis equipment
  • Refrigerated centrifuges
  • Laser induced temperature jump nanosecond relaxation spectrometer systems
  • Dichroic beamsplitters
  • Personal computers
  • Graduated cylinders
  • Beakers
  • Raman difference spectrometers
  • Incubators
  • Electron microscopes
  • Continuous flow centrifuges
  • Phosphorimager video cameras
  • Funnels
  • Laser Doppler zeta potential analyzers
  • X ray microscopes
  • Light scattering devices
  • Sapphire lasers
  • Laser printers
  • Scanning laser microscopes
  • Electron paramagnetic resonance EPR spectrometers
  • Scanners
  • Medical magnetic resonance imaging MRI microscopes
  • Growth chambers
  • Sample concentrators
  • Stopped-flow spectrophotometers
  • Carbon dioxide CO2 incubators
  • Microcentrifuges
  • Filtering funnels
  • Solid state diode lasers
  • Viscometers
  • Fluorescence spectroscopes
  • Heating mantles
  • Scintillation counters
  • Hot plates
  • Desktop computers
  • Synchrotrons
  • Peptide synthesizers
  • Basic vapor pressure osmometers
  • Spectrofluorimeters
  • Rotating anode X ray generators
  • Microdosimeters
  • Circulating water cooling systems
  • Large upright microscopes
  • Charge-coupled device CCD cameras
  • Phosphorimagers
  • Glassware adaptors
  • Analytical ultracentrifuges
  • Confocal microscopes
  • Shaking incubators
  • Amino acid analyzers
  • pH meters
  • Video enhanced differential interference contrast microscopes
  • Ionometers
  • Laser tweezers
  • Rheometers
  • Inverted microscopes
  • Water purification units
  • Microscope slides
  • Heat blocks
  • High-pressure liquid chromatographs
  • Cryomicroscopes
  • Darkroom equipment
  • Sartorius balances
  • Power amplifiers
  • Mossbauer spectroscopes
  • Video positioning equipment
  • Hemoglobin analyzers
  • Heat incubators
  • Cryotransmission electron microscopes
  • Magnetic tweezers
  • Laboratory vacuum pumps
  • Megafuge centrifuges
  • Computerized axial tomography CAT scan equipment
  • Mainframe computers
  • Cryocut microtomes
  • Electron spin resonance spectroscopes
  • Fermenters
  • Microplate readers
  • Atomic force microscopes
  • Mass spectrometers
  • Binocular light compound microscopes
  • Automatic pipetters
  • Solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance NMR equipment
  • Near-field light microscopes
  • Krypton lasers
  • Ultrasonic cleaners
  • Positron emission tomography PET scanners
  • Plotters
  • Automatic x ray film developers
  • Cell sorters
  • Biological safety hoods
  • Chemistry analyzers
  • Scanning electron microscopes SEM
  • Lasers
  • Argon lasers
  • Microphysiometers
  • Test tubes
  • Deoxyribonucleic acid DNA sequencers
  • Cryostat tissue microtomes
  • Gel boxes
  • Shaking waterbaths
  • Ultramicrotomes
  • Freeze dryers
  • Ultraviolet UV spectroscopes
  • Langmuir balances
  • Top-loading electronic balances
  • Circular dichroism spectroscopes
  • Neodymium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet Nd:YAG lasers
  • Tabletop centrifuges
  • Medical magnetic resonance imaging MRI equipment
  • Gas chromatographs GC
  • High-pressure high-temperature reactors
  • Pipettes
  • Transmission electron microscopes TEM
  • Orbital shakers
  • Fourier transform infrared FTIR spectroscopes
  • Isothermal titration calorimeters ITC
  • Balances
  • Erlenmeyer flasks
  • Laboratory convection ovens

Alternative Job Titles