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Automation Risk Analysis

Will “Petrographer” be Automated?

Historical Context: Oxford Study (2013)

Ranked #346 of 702. Estimated risk: 63.0%

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AI Exposure Risk

59%

“Petrographer” will maybe be replaced by AI.

Based on the cognitive demands, communication requirements, and logical reasoning intrinsic to this occupation according to O*NET data, we project a 59% probability of disruption by generative AI and Large Language Models.

Automation & Robot Risk

35%

“Petrographer” will probably not be replaced by robots.

Evaluating the physical dexterity, repetitive motion tasks, and manual labor associated with this role, our analysis indicates a 35% likelihood of substitution by advanced robotics systems.

Personal & Financial Insights

Every occupation has a unique profile. For Geoscientists, Except Hydrologists and Geographers, the Bureau of Labor Statistics and O*NET classify the day-to-day work broadly as: Study the composition, structure, and other physical aspects of the Earth. May use geological, physics, and mathematics knowledge in exploration for oil, gas, minerals, or underground water; or in waste disposal, land reclamation, or other environmental problems. May study the Earth's internal composition, atmospheres, and oceans, and its magnetic, electrical, and gravitational forces. Includes mineralogists, paleontologists, stratigraphers, geodesists, and seismologists.

Avg. Annual Salary $111,310
Avg. Hourly Wage $53.52
Available Jobs (US) 22,510
Job Title & Hierarchy Code (SOC) Geoscientists, Except Hydrologists and Geographers #19-2042
Wage vs. National Median
ℹ️

Data is based on the reference occupation: “Geoscientists, Except Hydrologists and Geographers”

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Core Skills & Abilities

  • Develop strategies for more environmentally friendly resource extraction and reclamation.

  • Prepare geological maps, cross-sectional diagrams, charts, or reports concerning mineral extraction, land use, or resource management, using results of fieldwork or laboratory research.

  • Inspect construction projects to analyze engineering problems, using test equipment or drilling machinery.

  • Analyze and interpret geological data, using computer software.

  • Locate and estimate probable natural gas, oil, or mineral ore deposits or underground water resources, using aerial photographs, charts, or research or survey results.

  • Investigate the composition, structure, or history of the Earth's crust through the collection, examination, measurement, or classification of soils, minerals, rocks, or fossil remains.

  • Locate and review research articles or environmental, historical, or technical reports.

  • Determine methods to incorporate geomethane or methane hydrates into global energy production or evaluate the potential environmental impacts of such incorporation.

  • Communicate geological findings by writing research papers, participating in conferences, or teaching geological science at universities.

  • Advise construction firms or government agencies on dam or road construction, foundation design, land use, or resource management.

  • Research geomechanical or geochemical processes to be used in carbon sequestration projects.

  • Identify risks for natural disasters, such as mudslides, earthquakes, or volcanic eruptions.

  • Test industrial diamonds or abrasives, soil, or rocks to determine their geological characteristics, using optical, x-ray, heat, acid, or precision instruments.

  • Collaborate with medical or health researchers to address health problems related to geological materials or processes.

  • Determine ways to mitigate the negative consequences of mineral dust dispersion.

  • Research ways to reduce the ecological footprint of increasingly prevalent megacities.

  • Identify deposits of construction materials suitable for use as concrete aggregates, road fill, or other applications.

  • Provide advice on the safe siting of new nuclear reactor projects or methods of nuclear waste management.

  • Review environmental, historical, or technical reports and publications for accuracy.

  • Study historical climate change indicators found in locations, such as ice sheets or rock formations to develop climate change models.

  • Plan or conduct geological, geochemical, or geophysical field studies or surveys, sample collection, or drilling and testing programs used to collect data for research or application.

  • Review work plans to determine the effectiveness of activities for mitigating soil or groundwater contamination.

  • Measure characteristics of the Earth, such as gravity or magnetic fields, using equipment such as seismographs, gravimeters, torsion balances, or magnetometers.

  • Conduct geological or geophysical studies to provide information for use in regional development, site selection, or development of public works projects.

  • Develop applied software for the analysis and interpretation of geological data.

  • Analyze and interpret geological, geochemical, or geophysical information from sources, such as survey data, well logs, bore holes, or aerial photos.

  • Identify possible sites for carbon sequestration projects.

  • Locate potential sources of geothermal energy.

  • Develop ways to capture or use gases burned off as waste during oil production processes.

  • Design geological mine maps, monitor mine structural integrity, or advise and monitor mining crews.

  • Assess ground or surface water movement to provide advice on issues, such as waste management, route and site selection, or the restoration of contaminated sites.

  • Identify new sources of platinum group elements for industrial applications, such as automotive fuel cells or pollution abatement systems.

Technologies & Software

  • Geomechanical design analysis GDA software
  • Scientific Software Group SVHeat
  • Aquifer test software
  • Microsoft PowerPoint
  • Schlumberger Inside Reality
  • RockWare FIRSTPIX
  • Seismic visualization software
  • Earthworks MaxiPit
  • Golden Software Surfer
  • Seismic interpretation software
  • Paradigm SKUA-GOCAD
  • Grok (xAI)
  • IHS Energy PowerTools
  • RockWare GeoTrig
  • RSI interactive data language IDL software
  • National Geophysical Data Center GEODAS
  • Paleontological Statistics PAST
  • ChemStat
  • Microsoft Office software
  • PaleoMag
  • Autodesk AutoCAD
  • Shape software
  • Perplexity AI
  • SAS
  • Landmark VIP
  • HydroSOLVE AQTESOLV
  • RockWare DepthCon2000
  • Gemcom Surpac
  • RockWare Potent
  • RockWare Erupt
  • RockWare Plan
  • Geographic resources analysis support system GRASS
  • RockWare Visual STUNT
  • Microsoft Excel
  • Semantic Scholar AI
  • Geospatial data abstraction library GDAL
  • Geo-Logic Systems LithoTect Interpreter
  • BOSS Didger
  • Terrain surface mapping software
  • Compass software
  • Geosoft DAP server
  • RockWare Geochemist's Workbench GWB
  • Upperspace DesignCAD
  • PolyMap
  • Enigma software
  • SeeByte SeeTrack
  • MineSight
  • Triton Elics International SeaClass
  • StrainSim
  • Well logging software
  • RockWare Jlog
  • EPIC GIS
  • Waterloo Hydrogeologic FlowPath II
  • Groundwater Vistas
  • Email software
  • Kimi (Moonshot AI)
  • Hydrogeology Basin2
  • Gemcom GEMS
  • MIT OASES
  • RockWare QuickSyn
  • Rockware CrossLog
  • Alara CRystalView
  • RockWare RockWorks
  • PaleoTax
  • Microsoft Word
  • PowerCAD
  • MapInfo Professional
  • Evolution Computing EasyCAD
  • IRIS Seismic Processing Workshop
  • Starpint Software Super Slug
  • OpenOffice.org
  • MICRODEM
  • Laboratory information management system LIMS
  • EarthWorks Downhole Explorer
  • Bilko
  • RockWare MicroMODEL
  • Red Rock DeltaGraph
  • RockWare WinSism
  • Data mining software
  • Scite AI
  • Git
  • Leica Geosystems ERDAS IMAGINE
  • Trimble Terramodel
  • NotebookLM (Google)
  • Interpex IXID
  • Mistral AI (chat/models)
  • Nova (Amazon)
  • Seismic Micro-Technology KINGDOM
  • Landmark Graphics GeoGraphix
  • Gresens 92
  • Microsoft Project
  • GeoPLUS Petra
  • ACD Systems Canvas
  • DeepSeek
  • Claude (Anthropic)
  • Geostatistics software GS+
  • Geographic information system GIS software
  • ChatGPT (OpenAI)
  • EarthSoft EQuIS Geology
  • Bentley Systems gINT
  • ESRI ArcView
  • Adobe Acrobat
  • OriginLab Origin
  • Microsoft Outlook
  • RockWare RockPack III
  • Parameter Estimation PEST
  • ESRI ArcIMS
  • Clover Technology GALENA
  • Socorro Scientific Software Refract2K
  • SACLANTCEN
  • Scientific Software Group Infinite Extent
  • Qwen (Alibaba)
  • RockWare ChemFlux
  • Geosoft Oasis montaj
  • Scientific Software Group FEFLOW
  • Waterloo Hydrogeologic AquaChem
  • Python
  • Gemini (Google)
  • ERDAS ER Mapper
  • RSI ENVI
  • Midland Valley 3DMove
  • Geostatistical modeling GSTAT software
  • ESRI ArcInfo
  • Multivariate statistical program MVSP software
  • Consensus
  • RockWare Stratbugs
  • Intergraph ImageStation Stereo Softcopy Kit SSK
  • Internet browser software
  • Maptek Vulcan
  • Elicit
  • ESRI ArcGIS software
  • TECHBASE
  • Atoll GeoCAD
  • Microsoft Active Server Pages ASP
  • Upperspace ModelCAD
  • Data logger software
  • EasySolve Software SizePerm
  • MHC Document Express
  • Systat Software SigmaStat
  • Solvcalv
  • Field data recorder software
  • The MathWorks MATLAB
  • MySQL
  • CrystalMaker
  • Evolution Computing FastCAD
  • RockWare Grav2Dc
  • MineGeo software
  • RockWare VEGO
  • Gemini for Workspace
  • Llama (Meta)
  • Microsoft Access
  • GeoModel
  • Mistral (Mistral AI)
  • Geographic information system GIS systems
  • Adobe Photoshop
  • Word processing software
  • MJ Systems Logsleuth
  • Groundwater modeling system GMS
  • Mapping software
  • RockWare GRADIX
  • Total stations
  • Crack hammers
  • Illuminated microscopes
  • Degaussing wands
  • Microscope slides
  • Gamma ray scintillometers
  • Underwater cameras
  • Protractors
  • Mapping dividers
  • Echosounders
  • Pry bars
  • Water level recorders
  • Penetrometers
  • Laser rangefinders
  • Magnetic susceptibility/anisotropy systems
  • Ground penetrating radar GPR
  • Drying ovens
  • Sediment samplers
  • Motorized mortars/pestles
  • Tube samplers
  • pH meters
  • Sand grain size gauges
  • Gravity meters
  • Rotary grinders
  • Desktop computers
  • Microgravimeters
  • Laser theodolites
  • Thermal specimen demagnitizers
  • Polarizing microscopes
  • Carbon analyzers
  • Plankton nets
  • Personal computers
  • Laboratory rock pulverizers
  • Borehole cameras
  • Rock magnetometers
  • Geological compasses
  • Digital cameras
  • Mass spectrometers
  • Electronic bench scales
  • Electrical conductivity meters
  • Rock saws
  • Towed sonars
  • Microsplitters
  • Short-range radar equipment
  • Mobile wireless handheld communication devices
  • Large-format plotters
  • Dissolved oxygen meters
  • Seismographs
  • Sieve shakers
  • Axes
  • Soft face hammers
  • Ion chromatographs
  • Rock chisels
  • Side scan sonars
  • Powered rock-coring drills
  • Gamma ray spectrometers
  • Multibeam echosounders
  • Fusion fluxes
  • Abney levels
  • Electron microscopes
  • Vibrating sample magnetometers
  • Tree corers
  • Digital map measurers
  • Mapping scale sets
  • Laser printers
  • Alternating field demagnitizers
  • Electron microprobes
  • Digital seismographs
  • Bottom sampling equipment
  • Mainframe computers
  • Impulse magnetizers
  • Soil samplers
  • Submicron particle size analyzers
  • Triple beam balances
  • One-atmosphere furnaces
  • Automated core analysis systems
  • X ray fluorescence XRF lead detectors
  • Fume hoods
  • Atomic absorption AA spectrophotometers
  • Electronic toploading balances
  • Winches
  • Pocket transits
  • Brunauer-Emmett-Teller BET surface area analyzers
  • Global positioning system GPS receivers
  • Sediment piston corers
  • Video microscopes
  • Water current meters
  • Hydraulic earth drills
  • Sun compasses
  • Geological stratum compasses
  • Rock picks
  • Fluid inclusion microscopes
  • Scanners
  • All terrain vehicles ATV
  • Roto torque mixers
  • Radiation detectors
  • Notebook computers
  • Temperature profile recorders
  • Tubular water samplers
  • Clinometers
  • Pneumatic airscribes
  • Ultrasonic sieve cleaners
  • Vertical sketchmasters
  • Rotoevaporators
  • Soil augers
  • High temperature laboratory ovens
  • Reverse osmosis systems
  • Agitators
  • Portable organic vapor analyzers
  • Rangefinders
  • Digitizing tablets
  • Analog map measurers
  • Chisel hammers
  • Ultraviolet UV lamps
  • Geophones
  • Digital alkalinity titrators
  • Magnetic susceptibility measurement systems
  • Mechanical earth drills
  • Electrical conductivity cells
  • Chromatographic scanners
  • Underwater sediment bearing strength probes
  • Hand magnifying lenses
  • Colorimeters
  • Dessicators
  • Long range radar equipment
  • X ray fluorescence spectrometers
  • Geo/paleo picks
  • Centrifuges
  • Mercury analyzers
  • Cathodoluminescence scopes
  • Planimeters
  • Seismic stations
  • Water sampler bottles
  • Altimeters
  • Core splitters
  • Earth resistivity meters
  • Biological dredges
  • Stereoscopes
  • Optical compound microscopes
  • Argon plasma atomic emission spectroscopes
  • Stereo microscopes
  • Jaw crushers
  • Computed tomography CT scanners
  • Hand levels
  • Thermistor chains
  • Pocket magnetic susceptibility meters
  • X ray diffractometers
  • Isodynamic separators
  • Petrographic microscopes
  • Digitizers
  • Seismic activity recorders
  • Magnetic susceptibility/temperature systems
  • Test sieves