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Automation Risk Analysis

Will “Black Top Raker” be Automated?

Historical Context: Oxford Study (2013)

Ranked #512 of 702. Estimated risk: 88.0%

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AI Exposure Risk

48%

“Black Top Raker” will probably not be replaced by AI.

Based on the cognitive demands, communication requirements, and logical reasoning intrinsic to this occupation according to O*NET data, we project a 48% probability of disruption by generative AI and Large Language Models.

Automation & Robot Risk

56%

“Black Top Raker” will maybe be replaced by robots.

Evaluating the physical dexterity, repetitive motion tasks, and manual labor associated with this role, our analysis indicates a 56% likelihood of substitution by advanced robotics systems.

Personal & Financial Insights

Every occupation has a unique profile. For Construction Laborers, the Bureau of Labor Statistics and O*NET classify the day-to-day work broadly as: Perform tasks involving physical labor at construction sites. May operate hand and power tools of all types: air hammers, earth tampers, cement mixers, small mechanical hoists, surveying and measuring equipment, and a variety of other equipment and instruments. May clean and prepare sites, dig trenches, set braces to support the sides of excavations, erect scaffolding, and clean up rubble, debris, and other waste materials. May assist other craft workers.

Avg. Annual Salary $51,260
Avg. Hourly Wage $24.64
Available Jobs (US) 1,057,660
Job Title & Hierarchy Code (SOC) Construction Laborers #47-2061
Wage vs. National Median
ℹ️

Data is based on the reference occupation: “Construction Laborers”

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Core Skills & Abilities

  • Position, join, align, or seal structural components, such as concrete wall sections or pipes.

  • Raze buildings or salvage useful materials.

  • Control traffic passing near, in, or around work zones.

  • Tend pumps, compressors, or generators to provide power for tools, machinery, or equipment or to heat or move materials, such as asphalt.

  • Position or dismantle forms for pouring concrete, using saws, hammers, nails, or bolts.

  • Smooth or finish freshly poured cement or concrete, using floats, trowels, screeds, or powered cement finishing tools.

  • Install sewer, water, or storm drain pipes, using pipe-laying machinery or laser guidance equipment.

  • Perform site activities required of green certified construction practices, such as implementing waste management procedures, identifying materials for reuse, or installing erosion or sedimentation control mechanisms.

  • Apply caulking compounds by hand or caulking guns to protect against entry of water or air.

  • Erect or dismantle scaffolding, shoring, braces, traffic barricades, ramps, or other temporary structures.

  • Spray materials, such as water, sand, steam, vinyl, paint, or stucco, through hoses to clean, coat, or seal surfaces.

  • Operate or maintain air monitoring or other sampling devices in confined or hazardous environments.

  • Grind, scrape, sand, or polish surfaces, such as concrete, marble, terrazzo, or wood flooring, using abrasive tools or machines.

  • Operate jackhammers or drills to break up concrete or pavement.

  • Mix ingredients to create compounds for covering or cleaning surfaces.

  • Lubricate, clean, or repair machinery, equipment, or tools.

  • Measure, mark, or record openings or distances to layout areas where construction work will be performed.

  • Dig ditches or trenches, backfill excavations, or compact and level earth to grade specifications, using picks, shovels, pneumatic tampers, or rakes.

  • Mix, pour, or spread concrete, using portable cement mixers.

  • Signal equipment operators to facilitate alignment, movement, or adjustment of machinery, equipment, or materials.

  • Read plans, instructions, or specifications to determine work activities.

  • Clean or prepare construction sites to eliminate possible hazards.

  • Place, consolidate, or protect case-in-place concrete or masonry structures.

  • Tend machines that pump concrete, grout, cement, sand, plaster, or stucco through spray guns for application to ceilings or walls.

  • Provide assistance to craft workers, such as carpenters, plasterers, or masons.

  • Load, unload, or identify building materials, machinery, or tools, distributing them to the appropriate locations, according to project plans or specifications.

  • Mop, brush, or spread paints, cleaning solutions, or other compounds over surfaces to clean them or to provide protection.

Technologies & Software

  • Gemini for Workspace
  • ChatGPT (OpenAI)
  • Buildots AI
  • Procore AI
  • Microsoft Windows
  • Microsoft Word
  • Microsoft Outlook
  • Oracle Primavera Enterprise Project Portfolio Management
  • Microsoft Excel
  • Microsoft Office software
  • Autodesk Construction AI
  • Autodesk Revit
  • Robotic pipe cleaners
  • Pneumatic drills
  • Bale hooks
  • Protective suits
  • Snowplows
  • Dynamite blasters
  • Stucco spray guns
  • Cutoff saws
  • Bosun chairs
  • Rakes
  • Paddle mixers
  • Road rollers
  • Theodolites
  • Generators
  • Spades
  • Tape measures
  • Hydraulic boring machines
  • Levels
  • Welding hoods
  • Mowing equipment
  • Weed sprayers
  • Suction sweepers
  • Ride-on vacuum cleaners
  • Guniting machines
  • Asphalt saws
  • Laser levels
  • Electric boring machines
  • Mud jacks
  • Water spraying equipment
  • Mortar hoes
  • Hoists
  • Winches
  • Chip spreaders
  • Belt conveyors
  • Coring machines
  • Floats
  • Two way radios
  • Loaders
  • Rotary hammers
  • Pickup trucks
  • Slings
  • Circular saws
  • Jig saws
  • Screwdrivers
  • Earth tampers
  • Forklifts
  • Manlifts
  • Tappers
  • Oxygen/acetylene torches
  • Floor saws
  • Kerosene burners
  • Jackhammers
  • Adjustable widemouth pliers
  • Steam jennies
  • Sidewalk sweepers
  • Electric drills
  • Gin poles
  • Jet trucks for cleaning sewer lines
  • Carpenters' squares
  • Temperature probes
  • Pressure washers
  • Vibratory plate compactors
  • Hydraulic chainsaws
  • Swing stages
  • Smoke testers
  • Hand grinders
  • Swing chairs
  • Impact hammers
  • Steam cleaning equipment
  • Reciprocating saws
  • Sandblasters
  • Sewer cleaner vactors
  • Tripods
  • Surveying rods
  • Saws
  • Oil distributors
  • Sewer rodding machines
  • Brick carrier forks
  • Dump trucks
  • Hole cutters
  • Forks
  • Concrete mixers
  • Adjustable wrenches
  • Picks
  • Trenchers
  • Power screwdrivers
  • Crawler shovels
  • Mattocks
  • Asphalt mops
  • Demolition saws
  • Hydraulic booms
  • Hammer drills
  • Trowels
  • Chain saws
  • Hand trucks
  • Paint sprayers
  • Fall arrest systems
  • Walk-behind saws
  • Pavement breakers
  • Scaffolding
  • Bench grinders
  • Impact wrenches
  • Punches
  • Hydraulic track-guided wall saws
  • Laser screeds
  • Water tank trucks
  • Pneumatic staplers
  • Smudge pots
  • Air compressors
  • Laser guidance equipment for pipe placement
  • Robotic pipe cutters
  • Wire stretchers
  • Plaster mixers
  • Power sanders
  • Plumb bobs
  • Liquid propane torches
  • Chipping guns
  • Spirit levels
  • Shielded arc welding tools
  • Scissor lifts
  • Mortar mixers
  • Scarifiers
  • Torches
  • Carpenters' levels
  • Plasma cutters
  • Hammers
  • Floor sanders
  • Brick tongs
  • Rough terrain forklifts
  • Laser measuring devices
  • Measuring wheels
  • Water samplers
  • Air drills
  • Hydraulic rock drills
  • Caulking guns
  • Concrete pumpers
  • Drill presses
  • Shovels
  • Disc grinders
  • Pedestal grinders
  • Air monitoring equipment
  • Nail guns
  • Power buggies
  • Concrete saws
  • Gas leak detection devices
  • Bandsaws
  • Crowbars
  • Axes
  • Water levels
  • Calipers
  • Ladders
  • Saber saws
  • Motor graders
  • Cold chisels
  • Masonry forklifts
  • Cable pullers
  • Remote pipe cameras
  • Tuck pointers
  • Brick hammers
  • Transit levels
  • Stump cutters
  • Skid steer loaders
  • Respirators
  • Post hole augers
  • Power drills
  • Tampers
  • Walk-behind compacting equipment
  • Micrometers
  • Screeds
  • Cutout saws
  • Hydraulic speed shoring equipment
  • Asphalt kettles
  • Wagon drills
  • Salamanders
  • Fencing pliers

Alternative Job Titles