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Automation Risk Analysis

Will “Pick and Shovel Man” be Automated?

Historical Context: Oxford Study (2013)

Ranked #512 of 702. Estimated risk: 88.0%

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AI Exposure Risk

48%

“Pick and Shovel Man” will probably not be replaced by AI.

Based on the cognitive demands, communication requirements, and logical reasoning intrinsic to this occupation according to O*NET data, we project a 48% probability of disruption by generative AI and Large Language Models.

Automation & Robot Risk

56%

“Pick and Shovel Man” will maybe be replaced by robots.

Evaluating the physical dexterity, repetitive motion tasks, and manual labor associated with this role, our analysis indicates a 56% likelihood of substitution by advanced robotics systems.

Personal & Financial Insights

Every occupation has a unique profile. For Construction Laborers, the Bureau of Labor Statistics and O*NET classify the day-to-day work broadly as: Perform tasks involving physical labor at construction sites. May operate hand and power tools of all types: air hammers, earth tampers, cement mixers, small mechanical hoists, surveying and measuring equipment, and a variety of other equipment and instruments. May clean and prepare sites, dig trenches, set braces to support the sides of excavations, erect scaffolding, and clean up rubble, debris, and other waste materials. May assist other craft workers.

Avg. Annual Salary $51,260
Avg. Hourly Wage $24.64
Available Jobs (US) 1,057,660
Job Title & Hierarchy Code (SOC) Construction Laborers #47-2061
Wage vs. National Median
ℹ️

Data is based on the reference occupation: “Construction Laborers”

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Core Skills & Abilities

  • Dig ditches or trenches, backfill excavations, or compact and level earth to grade specifications, using picks, shovels, pneumatic tampers, or rakes.

  • Read plans, instructions, or specifications to determine work activities.

  • Mop, brush, or spread paints, cleaning solutions, or other compounds over surfaces to clean them or to provide protection.

  • Apply caulking compounds by hand or caulking guns to protect against entry of water or air.

  • Tend machines that pump concrete, grout, cement, sand, plaster, or stucco through spray guns for application to ceilings or walls.

  • Spray materials, such as water, sand, steam, vinyl, paint, or stucco, through hoses to clean, coat, or seal surfaces.

  • Load, unload, or identify building materials, machinery, or tools, distributing them to the appropriate locations, according to project plans or specifications.

  • Mix ingredients to create compounds for covering or cleaning surfaces.

  • Tend pumps, compressors, or generators to provide power for tools, machinery, or equipment or to heat or move materials, such as asphalt.

  • Signal equipment operators to facilitate alignment, movement, or adjustment of machinery, equipment, or materials.

  • Control traffic passing near, in, or around work zones.

  • Provide assistance to craft workers, such as carpenters, plasterers, or masons.

  • Lubricate, clean, or repair machinery, equipment, or tools.

  • Grind, scrape, sand, or polish surfaces, such as concrete, marble, terrazzo, or wood flooring, using abrasive tools or machines.

  • Perform site activities required of green certified construction practices, such as implementing waste management procedures, identifying materials for reuse, or installing erosion or sedimentation control mechanisms.

  • Operate jackhammers or drills to break up concrete or pavement.

  • Mix, pour, or spread concrete, using portable cement mixers.

  • Place, consolidate, or protect case-in-place concrete or masonry structures.

  • Measure, mark, or record openings or distances to layout areas where construction work will be performed.

  • Clean or prepare construction sites to eliminate possible hazards.

  • Raze buildings or salvage useful materials.

  • Erect or dismantle scaffolding, shoring, braces, traffic barricades, ramps, or other temporary structures.

  • Position or dismantle forms for pouring concrete, using saws, hammers, nails, or bolts.

  • Operate or maintain air monitoring or other sampling devices in confined or hazardous environments.

  • Install sewer, water, or storm drain pipes, using pipe-laying machinery or laser guidance equipment.

  • Position, join, align, or seal structural components, such as concrete wall sections or pipes.

  • Smooth or finish freshly poured cement or concrete, using floats, trowels, screeds, or powered cement finishing tools.

Technologies & Software

  • Oracle Primavera Enterprise Project Portfolio Management
  • ChatGPT (OpenAI)
  • Microsoft Word
  • Microsoft Excel
  • Procore AI
  • Microsoft Outlook
  • Microsoft Office software
  • Microsoft Windows
  • Autodesk Revit
  • Autodesk Construction AI
  • Buildots AI
  • Gemini for Workspace
  • Air compressors
  • Coring machines
  • Mattocks
  • Jig saws
  • Plasma cutters
  • Loaders
  • Skid steer loaders
  • Tappers
  • Picks
  • Electric boring machines
  • Asphalt saws
  • Screeds
  • Forks
  • Robotic pipe cleaners
  • Brick tongs
  • Two way radios
  • Saws
  • Nail guns
  • Laser screeds
  • Cold chisels
  • Sewer rodding machines
  • Caulking guns
  • Brick hammers
  • Crowbars
  • Carpenters' levels
  • Robotic pipe cutters
  • Asphalt mops
  • Theodolites
  • Fall arrest systems
  • Water levels
  • Air monitoring equipment
  • Floats
  • Reciprocating saws
  • Levels
  • Power buggies
  • Salamanders
  • Tape measures
  • Mowing equipment
  • Circular saws
  • Shielded arc welding tools
  • Ride-on vacuum cleaners
  • Laser guidance equipment for pipe placement
  • Temperature probes
  • Trenchers
  • Carpenters' squares
  • Road rollers
  • Spades
  • Saber saws
  • Impact wrenches
  • Screwdrivers
  • Swing stages
  • Wire stretchers
  • Jet trucks for cleaning sewer lines
  • Mortar hoes
  • Bench grinders
  • Spirit levels
  • Respirators
  • Pedestal grinders
  • Rakes
  • Transit levels
  • Sidewalk sweepers
  • Water spraying equipment
  • Weed sprayers
  • Hoists
  • Ladders
  • Dynamite blasters
  • Hammers
  • Smoke testers
  • Plaster mixers
  • Smudge pots
  • Power drills
  • Disc grinders
  • Adjustable widemouth pliers
  • Scaffolding
  • Swing chairs
  • Hand trucks
  • Jackhammers
  • Liquid propane torches
  • Generators
  • Gin poles
  • Remote pipe cameras
  • Bandsaws
  • Tampers
  • Hydraulic track-guided wall saws
  • Plumb bobs
  • Bosun chairs
  • Scissor lifts
  • Air drills
  • Forklifts
  • Belt conveyors
  • Asphalt kettles
  • Chipping guns
  • Axes
  • Sandblasters
  • Tripods
  • Hydraulic booms
  • Dump trucks
  • Wagon drills
  • Concrete pumpers
  • Slings
  • Shovels
  • Oil distributors
  • Chip spreaders
  • Micrometers
  • Tuck pointers
  • Laser levels
  • Pneumatic staplers
  • Measuring wheels
  • Calipers
  • Paddle mixers
  • Water samplers
  • Pneumatic drills
  • Torches
  • Welding hoods
  • Protective suits
  • Cutoff saws
  • Hydraulic speed shoring equipment
  • Rotary hammers
  • Steam jennies
  • Hydraulic rock drills
  • Cable pullers
  • Kerosene burners
  • Laser measuring devices
  • Sewer cleaner vactors
  • Stump cutters
  • Bale hooks
  • Manlifts
  • Surveying rods
  • Impact hammers
  • Mud jacks
  • Paint sprayers
  • Hydraulic chainsaws
  • Mortar mixers
  • Motor graders
  • Hydraulic boring machines
  • Power sanders
  • Punches
  • Pressure washers
  • Brick carrier forks
  • Concrete mixers
  • Floor sanders
  • Cutout saws
  • Hole cutters
  • Pavement breakers
  • Winches
  • Oxygen/acetylene torches
  • Masonry forklifts
  • Hand grinders
  • Crawler shovels
  • Gas leak detection devices
  • Power screwdrivers
  • Vibratory plate compactors
  • Scarifiers
  • Snowplows
  • Walk-behind saws
  • Post hole augers
  • Adjustable wrenches
  • Trowels
  • Steam cleaning equipment
  • Earth tampers
  • Chain saws
  • Demolition saws
  • Rough terrain forklifts
  • Concrete saws
  • Walk-behind compacting equipment
  • Fencing pliers
  • Suction sweepers
  • Drill presses
  • Pickup trucks
  • Floor saws
  • Hammer drills
  • Stucco spray guns
  • Guniting machines
  • Electric drills
  • Water tank trucks

Alternative Job Titles