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Automation Risk Analysis

Will “Pick and Shovel Man” be Automated?

Historical Context: Oxford Study (2013)

Ranked #512 of 702. Estimated risk: 88.0%

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AI Exposure Risk

48%

“Pick and Shovel Man” will probably not be replaced by AI.

Based on the cognitive demands, communication requirements, and logical reasoning intrinsic to this occupation according to O*NET data, we project a 48% probability of disruption by generative AI and Large Language Models.

Automation & Robot Risk

56%

“Pick and Shovel Man” will maybe be replaced by robots.

Evaluating the physical dexterity, repetitive motion tasks, and manual labor associated with this role, our analysis indicates a 56% likelihood of substitution by advanced robotics systems.

Personal & Financial Insights

Every occupation has a unique profile. For Construction Laborers, the Bureau of Labor Statistics and O*NET classify the day-to-day work broadly as: Perform tasks involving physical labor at construction sites. May operate hand and power tools of all types: air hammers, earth tampers, cement mixers, small mechanical hoists, surveying and measuring equipment, and a variety of other equipment and instruments. May clean and prepare sites, dig trenches, set braces to support the sides of excavations, erect scaffolding, and clean up rubble, debris, and other waste materials. May assist other craft workers.

Avg. Annual Salary $51,260
Avg. Hourly Wage $24.64
Available Jobs (US) 1,057,660
Job Title & Hierarchy Code (SOC) Construction Laborers #47-2061
Wage vs. National Median
ℹ️

Data is based on the reference occupation: “Construction Laborers”

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Core Skills & Abilities

  • Lubricate, clean, or repair machinery, equipment, or tools.

  • Signal equipment operators to facilitate alignment, movement, or adjustment of machinery, equipment, or materials.

  • Mix ingredients to create compounds for covering or cleaning surfaces.

  • Provide assistance to craft workers, such as carpenters, plasterers, or masons.

  • Apply caulking compounds by hand or caulking guns to protect against entry of water or air.

  • Position, join, align, or seal structural components, such as concrete wall sections or pipes.

  • Measure, mark, or record openings or distances to layout areas where construction work will be performed.

  • Grind, scrape, sand, or polish surfaces, such as concrete, marble, terrazzo, or wood flooring, using abrasive tools or machines.

  • Raze buildings or salvage useful materials.

  • Tend machines that pump concrete, grout, cement, sand, plaster, or stucco through spray guns for application to ceilings or walls.

  • Mix, pour, or spread concrete, using portable cement mixers.

  • Install sewer, water, or storm drain pipes, using pipe-laying machinery or laser guidance equipment.

  • Operate or maintain air monitoring or other sampling devices in confined or hazardous environments.

  • Tend pumps, compressors, or generators to provide power for tools, machinery, or equipment or to heat or move materials, such as asphalt.

  • Place, consolidate, or protect case-in-place concrete or masonry structures.

  • Dig ditches or trenches, backfill excavations, or compact and level earth to grade specifications, using picks, shovels, pneumatic tampers, or rakes.

  • Mop, brush, or spread paints, cleaning solutions, or other compounds over surfaces to clean them or to provide protection.

  • Position or dismantle forms for pouring concrete, using saws, hammers, nails, or bolts.

  • Erect or dismantle scaffolding, shoring, braces, traffic barricades, ramps, or other temporary structures.

  • Control traffic passing near, in, or around work zones.

  • Smooth or finish freshly poured cement or concrete, using floats, trowels, screeds, or powered cement finishing tools.

  • Clean or prepare construction sites to eliminate possible hazards.

  • Operate jackhammers or drills to break up concrete or pavement.

  • Read plans, instructions, or specifications to determine work activities.

  • Perform site activities required of green certified construction practices, such as implementing waste management procedures, identifying materials for reuse, or installing erosion or sedimentation control mechanisms.

  • Load, unload, or identify building materials, machinery, or tools, distributing them to the appropriate locations, according to project plans or specifications.

  • Spray materials, such as water, sand, steam, vinyl, paint, or stucco, through hoses to clean, coat, or seal surfaces.

Technologies & Software

  • Autodesk Revit
  • Microsoft Outlook
  • Procore AI
  • Oracle Primavera Enterprise Project Portfolio Management
  • ChatGPT (OpenAI)
  • Gemini for Workspace
  • Autodesk Construction AI
  • Microsoft Windows
  • Microsoft Excel
  • Buildots AI
  • Microsoft Office software
  • Microsoft Word
  • Water tank trucks
  • Steam cleaning equipment
  • Chip spreaders
  • Mud jacks
  • Walk-behind saws
  • Carpenters' levels
  • Robotic pipe cleaners
  • Bale hooks
  • Power buggies
  • Adjustable wrenches
  • Jet trucks for cleaning sewer lines
  • Spades
  • Mattocks
  • Respirators
  • Calipers
  • Bosun chairs
  • Wire stretchers
  • Air drills
  • Water levels
  • Shielded arc welding tools
  • Screwdrivers
  • Transit levels
  • Tampers
  • Steam jennies
  • Rakes
  • Impact wrenches
  • Hand trucks
  • Manlifts
  • Hole cutters
  • Rotary hammers
  • Forks
  • Crawler shovels
  • Generators
  • Torches
  • Liquid propane torches
  • Tape measures
  • Pressure washers
  • Hammers
  • Mortar hoes
  • Sandblasters
  • Slings
  • Spirit levels
  • Wagon drills
  • Water samplers
  • Chipping guns
  • Carpenters' squares
  • Weed sprayers
  • Ladders
  • Belt conveyors
  • Air compressors
  • Paint sprayers
  • Tappers
  • Crowbars
  • Jackhammers
  • Demolition saws
  • Gas leak detection devices
  • Adjustable widemouth pliers
  • Picks
  • Circular saws
  • Floor sanders
  • Plasma cutters
  • Scarifiers
  • Smudge pots
  • Laser levels
  • Cutoff saws
  • Brick carrier forks
  • Chain saws
  • Mortar mixers
  • Hammer drills
  • Salamanders
  • Pedestal grinders
  • Forklifts
  • Hydraulic boring machines
  • Pneumatic staplers
  • Dynamite blasters
  • Laser measuring devices
  • Water spraying equipment
  • Hydraulic speed shoring equipment
  • Hoists
  • Jig saws
  • Temperature probes
  • Floor saws
  • Power drills
  • Post hole augers
  • Reciprocating saws
  • Screeds
  • Tripods
  • Scissor lifts
  • Concrete pumpers
  • Floats
  • Micrometers
  • Protective suits
  • Remote pipe cameras
  • Brick tongs
  • Bench grinders
  • Suction sweepers
  • Asphalt saws
  • Nail guns
  • Power screwdrivers
  • Hydraulic rock drills
  • Hydraulic track-guided wall saws
  • Smoke testers
  • Disc grinders
  • Cable pullers
  • Laser screeds
  • Pickup trucks
  • Pavement breakers
  • Loaders
  • Guniting machines
  • Punches
  • Drill presses
  • Swing chairs
  • Cutout saws
  • Masonry forklifts
  • Trowels
  • Hand grinders
  • Electric boring machines
  • Saber saws
  • Dump trucks
  • Surveying rods
  • Air monitoring equipment
  • Measuring wheels
  • Pneumatic drills
  • Stump cutters
  • Theodolites
  • Plaster mixers
  • Snowplows
  • Oil distributors
  • Electric drills
  • Impact hammers
  • Brick hammers
  • Caulking guns
  • Robotic pipe cutters
  • Welding hoods
  • Asphalt mops
  • Gin poles
  • Oxygen/acetylene torches
  • Skid steer loaders
  • Stucco spray guns
  • Concrete mixers
  • Concrete saws
  • Paddle mixers
  • Two way radios
  • Fall arrest systems
  • Axes
  • Motor graders
  • Saws
  • Bandsaws
  • Cold chisels
  • Sewer rodding machines
  • Laser guidance equipment for pipe placement
  • Sidewalk sweepers
  • Winches
  • Rough terrain forklifts
  • Kerosene burners
  • Earth tampers
  • Road rollers
  • Coring machines
  • Hydraulic chainsaws
  • Vibratory plate compactors
  • Tuck pointers
  • Sewer cleaner vactors
  • Power sanders
  • Hydraulic booms
  • Ride-on vacuum cleaners
  • Fencing pliers
  • Mowing equipment
  • Asphalt kettles
  • Levels
  • Shovels
  • Trenchers
  • Scaffolding
  • Plumb bobs
  • Swing stages
  • Walk-behind compacting equipment

Alternative Job Titles