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Automation Risk Analysis

Will “Tunnel Worker” be Automated?

Historical Context: Oxford Study (2013)

Ranked #512 of 702. Estimated risk: 88.0%

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AI Exposure Risk

48%

“Tunnel Worker” will probably not be replaced by AI.

Based on the cognitive demands, communication requirements, and logical reasoning intrinsic to this occupation according to O*NET data, we project a 48% probability of disruption by generative AI and Large Language Models.

Automation & Robot Risk

56%

“Tunnel Worker” will maybe be replaced by robots.

Evaluating the physical dexterity, repetitive motion tasks, and manual labor associated with this role, our analysis indicates a 56% likelihood of substitution by advanced robotics systems.

Personal & Financial Insights

Every occupation has a unique profile. For Construction Laborers, the Bureau of Labor Statistics and O*NET classify the day-to-day work broadly as: Perform tasks involving physical labor at construction sites. May operate hand and power tools of all types: air hammers, earth tampers, cement mixers, small mechanical hoists, surveying and measuring equipment, and a variety of other equipment and instruments. May clean and prepare sites, dig trenches, set braces to support the sides of excavations, erect scaffolding, and clean up rubble, debris, and other waste materials. May assist other craft workers.

Avg. Annual Salary $51,260
Avg. Hourly Wage $24.64
Available Jobs (US) 1,057,660
Job Title & Hierarchy Code (SOC) Construction Laborers #47-2061
Wage vs. National Median
ℹ️

Data is based on the reference occupation: “Construction Laborers”

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Core Skills & Abilities

  • Operate jackhammers or drills to break up concrete or pavement.

  • Operate or maintain air monitoring or other sampling devices in confined or hazardous environments.

  • Lubricate, clean, or repair machinery, equipment, or tools.

  • Clean or prepare construction sites to eliminate possible hazards.

  • Perform site activities required of green certified construction practices, such as implementing waste management procedures, identifying materials for reuse, or installing erosion or sedimentation control mechanisms.

  • Place, consolidate, or protect case-in-place concrete or masonry structures.

  • Mix, pour, or spread concrete, using portable cement mixers.

  • Dig ditches or trenches, backfill excavations, or compact and level earth to grade specifications, using picks, shovels, pneumatic tampers, or rakes.

  • Smooth or finish freshly poured cement or concrete, using floats, trowels, screeds, or powered cement finishing tools.

  • Tend machines that pump concrete, grout, cement, sand, plaster, or stucco through spray guns for application to ceilings or walls.

  • Tend pumps, compressors, or generators to provide power for tools, machinery, or equipment or to heat or move materials, such as asphalt.

  • Mop, brush, or spread paints, cleaning solutions, or other compounds over surfaces to clean them or to provide protection.

  • Mix ingredients to create compounds for covering or cleaning surfaces.

  • Load, unload, or identify building materials, machinery, or tools, distributing them to the appropriate locations, according to project plans or specifications.

  • Apply caulking compounds by hand or caulking guns to protect against entry of water or air.

  • Grind, scrape, sand, or polish surfaces, such as concrete, marble, terrazzo, or wood flooring, using abrasive tools or machines.

  • Read plans, instructions, or specifications to determine work activities.

  • Position, join, align, or seal structural components, such as concrete wall sections or pipes.

  • Raze buildings or salvage useful materials.

  • Control traffic passing near, in, or around work zones.

  • Erect or dismantle scaffolding, shoring, braces, traffic barricades, ramps, or other temporary structures.

  • Provide assistance to craft workers, such as carpenters, plasterers, or masons.

  • Spray materials, such as water, sand, steam, vinyl, paint, or stucco, through hoses to clean, coat, or seal surfaces.

  • Install sewer, water, or storm drain pipes, using pipe-laying machinery or laser guidance equipment.

  • Measure, mark, or record openings or distances to layout areas where construction work will be performed.

  • Position or dismantle forms for pouring concrete, using saws, hammers, nails, or bolts.

  • Signal equipment operators to facilitate alignment, movement, or adjustment of machinery, equipment, or materials.

Technologies & Software

  • Autodesk Construction AI
  • Microsoft Windows
  • Oracle Primavera Enterprise Project Portfolio Management
  • ChatGPT (OpenAI)
  • Autodesk Revit
  • Microsoft Excel
  • Gemini for Workspace
  • Microsoft Office software
  • Buildots AI
  • Microsoft Word
  • Microsoft Outlook
  • Procore AI
  • Robotic pipe cleaners
  • Laser guidance equipment for pipe placement
  • Protective suits
  • Concrete saws
  • Electric boring machines
  • Hole cutters
  • Disc grinders
  • Ride-on vacuum cleaners
  • Rotary hammers
  • Reciprocating saws
  • Demolition saws
  • Drill presses
  • Chain saws
  • Cutout saws
  • Mud jacks
  • Hydraulic chainsaws
  • Forklifts
  • Concrete mixers
  • Measuring wheels
  • Trowels
  • Laser levels
  • Laser measuring devices
  • Air drills
  • Pavement breakers
  • Two way radios
  • Skid steer loaders
  • Plaster mixers
  • Jet trucks for cleaning sewer lines
  • Hoists
  • Plumb bobs
  • Coring machines
  • Temperature probes
  • Chip spreaders
  • Smudge pots
  • Hammer drills
  • Caulking guns
  • Stucco spray guns
  • Fall arrest systems
  • Circular saws
  • Power buggies
  • Loaders
  • Hydraulic speed shoring equipment
  • Levels
  • Hand grinders
  • Scaffolding
  • Snowplows
  • Mortar hoes
  • Pickup trucks
  • Punches
  • Pneumatic drills
  • Winches
  • Water samplers
  • Rakes
  • Pneumatic staplers
  • Picks
  • Scissor lifts
  • Floor saws
  • Spades
  • Brick carrier forks
  • Electric drills
  • Paint sprayers
  • Sidewalk sweepers
  • Water spraying equipment
  • Power drills
  • Bandsaws
  • Impact hammers
  • Salamanders
  • Crawler shovels
  • Bench grinders
  • Bosun chairs
  • Surveying rods
  • Concrete pumpers
  • Wire stretchers
  • Floor sanders
  • Hand trucks
  • Kerosene burners
  • Oil distributors
  • Tampers
  • Dump trucks
  • Cold chisels
  • Remote pipe cameras
  • Walk-behind compacting equipment
  • Sandblasters
  • Adjustable wrenches
  • Cable pullers
  • Torches
  • Robotic pipe cutters
  • Pedestal grinders
  • Guniting machines
  • Steam jennies
  • Screeds
  • Hydraulic rock drills
  • Nail guns
  • Power screwdrivers
  • Earth tampers
  • Asphalt saws
  • Smoke testers
  • Manlifts
  • Fencing pliers
  • Calipers
  • Wagon drills
  • Belt conveyors
  • Welding hoods
  • Post hole augers
  • Walk-behind saws
  • Water tank trucks
  • Asphalt mops
  • Plasma cutters
  • Air monitoring equipment
  • Cutoff saws
  • Motor graders
  • Sewer rodding machines
  • Asphalt kettles
  • Forks
  • Power sanders
  • Shielded arc welding tools
  • Carpenters' levels
  • Tappers
  • Weed sprayers
  • Water levels
  • Gin poles
  • Hydraulic track-guided wall saws
  • Scarifiers
  • Axes
  • Screwdrivers
  • Gas leak detection devices
  • Masonry forklifts
  • Trenchers
  • Theodolites
  • Suction sweepers
  • Tuck pointers
  • Hydraulic boring machines
  • Tripods
  • Transit levels
  • Oxygen/acetylene torches
  • Crowbars
  • Brick hammers
  • Air compressors
  • Spirit levels
  • Rough terrain forklifts
  • Chipping guns
  • Impact wrenches
  • Hammers
  • Ladders
  • Carpenters' squares
  • Swing chairs
  • Hydraulic booms
  • Mowing equipment
  • Adjustable widemouth pliers
  • Liquid propane torches
  • Mattocks
  • Bale hooks
  • Stump cutters
  • Tape measures
  • Pressure washers
  • Vibratory plate compactors
  • Brick tongs
  • Saber saws
  • Steam cleaning equipment
  • Shovels
  • Jackhammers
  • Micrometers
  • Floats
  • Respirators
  • Generators
  • Laser screeds
  • Paddle mixers
  • Jig saws
  • Mortar mixers
  • Sewer cleaner vactors
  • Dynamite blasters
  • Saws
  • Swing stages
  • Road rollers
  • Slings

Alternative Job Titles