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Automation Risk Analysis

Will “Tunnel Worker” be Automated?

Historical Context: Oxford Study (2013)

Ranked #512 of 702. Estimated risk: 88.0%

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AI Exposure Risk

48%

“Tunnel Worker” will probably not be replaced by AI.

Based on the cognitive demands, communication requirements, and logical reasoning intrinsic to this occupation according to O*NET data, we project a 48% probability of disruption by generative AI and Large Language Models.

Automation & Robot Risk

56%

“Tunnel Worker” will maybe be replaced by robots.

Evaluating the physical dexterity, repetitive motion tasks, and manual labor associated with this role, our analysis indicates a 56% likelihood of substitution by advanced robotics systems.

Personal & Financial Insights

Every occupation has a unique profile. For Construction Laborers, the Bureau of Labor Statistics and O*NET classify the day-to-day work broadly as: Perform tasks involving physical labor at construction sites. May operate hand and power tools of all types: air hammers, earth tampers, cement mixers, small mechanical hoists, surveying and measuring equipment, and a variety of other equipment and instruments. May clean and prepare sites, dig trenches, set braces to support the sides of excavations, erect scaffolding, and clean up rubble, debris, and other waste materials. May assist other craft workers.

Avg. Annual Salary $51,260
Avg. Hourly Wage $24.64
Available Jobs (US) 1,057,660
Job Title & Hierarchy Code (SOC) Construction Laborers #47-2061
Wage vs. National Median
ℹ️

Data is based on the reference occupation: “Construction Laborers”

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Core Skills & Abilities

  • Load, unload, or identify building materials, machinery, or tools, distributing them to the appropriate locations, according to project plans or specifications.

  • Install sewer, water, or storm drain pipes, using pipe-laying machinery or laser guidance equipment.

  • Lubricate, clean, or repair machinery, equipment, or tools.

  • Measure, mark, or record openings or distances to layout areas where construction work will be performed.

  • Control traffic passing near, in, or around work zones.

  • Grind, scrape, sand, or polish surfaces, such as concrete, marble, terrazzo, or wood flooring, using abrasive tools or machines.

  • Place, consolidate, or protect case-in-place concrete or masonry structures.

  • Tend machines that pump concrete, grout, cement, sand, plaster, or stucco through spray guns for application to ceilings or walls.

  • Provide assistance to craft workers, such as carpenters, plasterers, or masons.

  • Smooth or finish freshly poured cement or concrete, using floats, trowels, screeds, or powered cement finishing tools.

  • Position, join, align, or seal structural components, such as concrete wall sections or pipes.

  • Read plans, instructions, or specifications to determine work activities.

  • Erect or dismantle scaffolding, shoring, braces, traffic barricades, ramps, or other temporary structures.

  • Mix ingredients to create compounds for covering or cleaning surfaces.

  • Operate jackhammers or drills to break up concrete or pavement.

  • Mop, brush, or spread paints, cleaning solutions, or other compounds over surfaces to clean them or to provide protection.

  • Perform site activities required of green certified construction practices, such as implementing waste management procedures, identifying materials for reuse, or installing erosion or sedimentation control mechanisms.

  • Spray materials, such as water, sand, steam, vinyl, paint, or stucco, through hoses to clean, coat, or seal surfaces.

  • Operate or maintain air monitoring or other sampling devices in confined or hazardous environments.

  • Mix, pour, or spread concrete, using portable cement mixers.

  • Dig ditches or trenches, backfill excavations, or compact and level earth to grade specifications, using picks, shovels, pneumatic tampers, or rakes.

  • Position or dismantle forms for pouring concrete, using saws, hammers, nails, or bolts.

  • Raze buildings or salvage useful materials.

  • Clean or prepare construction sites to eliminate possible hazards.

  • Tend pumps, compressors, or generators to provide power for tools, machinery, or equipment or to heat or move materials, such as asphalt.

  • Apply caulking compounds by hand or caulking guns to protect against entry of water or air.

  • Signal equipment operators to facilitate alignment, movement, or adjustment of machinery, equipment, or materials.

Technologies & Software

  • Autodesk Revit
  • Autodesk Construction AI
  • Microsoft Outlook
  • Microsoft Windows
  • Microsoft Excel
  • Buildots AI
  • Procore AI
  • Oracle Primavera Enterprise Project Portfolio Management
  • Microsoft Word
  • Microsoft Office software
  • Gemini for Workspace
  • ChatGPT (OpenAI)
  • Water spraying equipment
  • Axes
  • Demolition saws
  • Concrete mixers
  • Shielded arc welding tools
  • Swing chairs
  • Fencing pliers
  • Calipers
  • Trenchers
  • Wagon drills
  • Coring machines
  • Gin poles
  • Liquid propane torches
  • Cold chisels
  • Hydraulic rock drills
  • Laser levels
  • Sewer rodding machines
  • Walk-behind saws
  • Motor graders
  • Trowels
  • Adjustable wrenches
  • Impact hammers
  • Circular saws
  • Ladders
  • Adjustable widemouth pliers
  • Concrete saws
  • Picks
  • Air compressors
  • Power drills
  • Smudge pots
  • Laser measuring devices
  • Laser guidance equipment for pipe placement
  • Rakes
  • Tampers
  • Sandblasters
  • Kerosene burners
  • Wire stretchers
  • Electric drills
  • Forklifts
  • Air monitoring equipment
  • Rotary hammers
  • Air drills
  • Floor sanders
  • Screeds
  • Reciprocating saws
  • Mortar mixers
  • Levels
  • Loaders
  • Swing stages
  • Tappers
  • Generators
  • Plumb bobs
  • Stucco spray guns
  • Power screwdrivers
  • Guniting machines
  • Robotic pipe cutters
  • Hand grinders
  • Weed sprayers
  • Mud jacks
  • Floor saws
  • Chipping guns
  • Hydraulic track-guided wall saws
  • Sidewalk sweepers
  • Saws
  • Steam cleaning equipment
  • Mortar hoes
  • Two way radios
  • Ride-on vacuum cleaners
  • Pneumatic drills
  • Cutout saws
  • Impact wrenches
  • Forks
  • Dynamite blasters
  • Hydraulic chainsaws
  • Carpenters' levels
  • Rough terrain forklifts
  • Winches
  • Chip spreaders
  • Micrometers
  • Temperature probes
  • Suction sweepers
  • Nail guns
  • Surveying rods
  • Salamanders
  • Respirators
  • Chain saws
  • Water levels
  • Power sanders
  • Carpenters' squares
  • Scissor lifts
  • Snowplows
  • Walk-behind compacting equipment
  • Plaster mixers
  • Mattocks
  • Robotic pipe cleaners
  • Cable pullers
  • Hammers
  • Pneumatic staplers
  • Welding hoods
  • Paddle mixers
  • Spades
  • Brick tongs
  • Jet trucks for cleaning sewer lines
  • Oxygen/acetylene torches
  • Bale hooks
  • Plasma cutters
  • Tripods
  • Laser screeds
  • Drill presses
  • Hole cutters
  • Road rollers
  • Electric boring machines
  • Bosun chairs
  • Bandsaws
  • Sewer cleaner vactors
  • Jig saws
  • Mowing equipment
  • Hydraulic booms
  • Steam jennies
  • Pedestal grinders
  • Skid steer loaders
  • Gas leak detection devices
  • Tuck pointers
  • Protective suits
  • Paint sprayers
  • Jackhammers
  • Asphalt saws
  • Spirit levels
  • Hydraulic speed shoring equipment
  • Saber saws
  • Brick hammers
  • Transit levels
  • Hammer drills
  • Scarifiers
  • Hand trucks
  • Tape measures
  • Hydraulic boring machines
  • Belt conveyors
  • Masonry forklifts
  • Oil distributors
  • Asphalt mops
  • Fall arrest systems
  • Dump trucks
  • Theodolites
  • Bench grinders
  • Brick carrier forks
  • Cutoff saws
  • Power buggies
  • Caulking guns
  • Manlifts
  • Water samplers
  • Punches
  • Shovels
  • Smoke testers
  • Hoists
  • Water tank trucks
  • Pressure washers
  • Torches
  • Scaffolding
  • Earth tampers
  • Slings
  • Crawler shovels
  • Pickup trucks
  • Stump cutters
  • Remote pipe cameras
  • Pavement breakers
  • Vibratory plate compactors
  • Disc grinders
  • Asphalt kettles
  • Concrete pumpers
  • Crowbars
  • Screwdrivers
  • Post hole augers
  • Floats
  • Measuring wheels

Alternative Job Titles