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Automation Risk Analysis

Will “Tunnel Worker” be Automated?

Historical Context: Oxford Study (2013)

Ranked #512 of 702. Estimated risk: 88.0%

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AI Exposure Risk

48%

“Tunnel Worker” will probably not be replaced by AI.

Based on the cognitive demands, communication requirements, and logical reasoning intrinsic to this occupation according to O*NET data, we project a 48% probability of disruption by generative AI and Large Language Models.

Automation & Robot Risk

56%

“Tunnel Worker” will maybe be replaced by robots.

Evaluating the physical dexterity, repetitive motion tasks, and manual labor associated with this role, our analysis indicates a 56% likelihood of substitution by advanced robotics systems.

Personal & Financial Insights

Every occupation has a unique profile. For Construction Laborers, the Bureau of Labor Statistics and O*NET classify the day-to-day work broadly as: Perform tasks involving physical labor at construction sites. May operate hand and power tools of all types: air hammers, earth tampers, cement mixers, small mechanical hoists, surveying and measuring equipment, and a variety of other equipment and instruments. May clean and prepare sites, dig trenches, set braces to support the sides of excavations, erect scaffolding, and clean up rubble, debris, and other waste materials. May assist other craft workers.

Avg. Annual Salary $51,260
Avg. Hourly Wage $24.64
Available Jobs (US) 1,057,660
Job Title & Hierarchy Code (SOC) Construction Laborers #47-2061
Wage vs. National Median
ℹ️

Data is based on the reference occupation: “Construction Laborers”

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Core Skills & Abilities

  • Install sewer, water, or storm drain pipes, using pipe-laying machinery or laser guidance equipment.

  • Dig ditches or trenches, backfill excavations, or compact and level earth to grade specifications, using picks, shovels, pneumatic tampers, or rakes.

  • Signal equipment operators to facilitate alignment, movement, or adjustment of machinery, equipment, or materials.

  • Mix ingredients to create compounds for covering or cleaning surfaces.

  • Mop, brush, or spread paints, cleaning solutions, or other compounds over surfaces to clean them or to provide protection.

  • Smooth or finish freshly poured cement or concrete, using floats, trowels, screeds, or powered cement finishing tools.

  • Apply caulking compounds by hand or caulking guns to protect against entry of water or air.

  • Load, unload, or identify building materials, machinery, or tools, distributing them to the appropriate locations, according to project plans or specifications.

  • Perform site activities required of green certified construction practices, such as implementing waste management procedures, identifying materials for reuse, or installing erosion or sedimentation control mechanisms.

  • Place, consolidate, or protect case-in-place concrete or masonry structures.

  • Control traffic passing near, in, or around work zones.

  • Position or dismantle forms for pouring concrete, using saws, hammers, nails, or bolts.

  • Mix, pour, or spread concrete, using portable cement mixers.

  • Tend pumps, compressors, or generators to provide power for tools, machinery, or equipment or to heat or move materials, such as asphalt.

  • Read plans, instructions, or specifications to determine work activities.

  • Lubricate, clean, or repair machinery, equipment, or tools.

  • Operate jackhammers or drills to break up concrete or pavement.

  • Measure, mark, or record openings or distances to layout areas where construction work will be performed.

  • Raze buildings or salvage useful materials.

  • Position, join, align, or seal structural components, such as concrete wall sections or pipes.

  • Provide assistance to craft workers, such as carpenters, plasterers, or masons.

  • Erect or dismantle scaffolding, shoring, braces, traffic barricades, ramps, or other temporary structures.

  • Spray materials, such as water, sand, steam, vinyl, paint, or stucco, through hoses to clean, coat, or seal surfaces.

  • Clean or prepare construction sites to eliminate possible hazards.

  • Tend machines that pump concrete, grout, cement, sand, plaster, or stucco through spray guns for application to ceilings or walls.

  • Operate or maintain air monitoring or other sampling devices in confined or hazardous environments.

  • Grind, scrape, sand, or polish surfaces, such as concrete, marble, terrazzo, or wood flooring, using abrasive tools or machines.

Technologies & Software

  • Microsoft Outlook
  • Microsoft Word
  • Autodesk Construction AI
  • Microsoft Office software
  • Buildots AI
  • Procore AI
  • Oracle Primavera Enterprise Project Portfolio Management
  • Gemini for Workspace
  • ChatGPT (OpenAI)
  • Microsoft Excel
  • Microsoft Windows
  • Autodesk Revit
  • Liquid propane torches
  • Disc grinders
  • Pneumatic staplers
  • Laser levels
  • Hydraulic speed shoring equipment
  • Tampers
  • Impact hammers
  • Swing chairs
  • Electric boring machines
  • Electric drills
  • Dump trucks
  • Wire stretchers
  • Skid steer loaders
  • Water samplers
  • Hydraulic booms
  • Ladders
  • Laser measuring devices
  • Laser guidance equipment for pipe placement
  • Pavement breakers
  • Walk-behind saws
  • Tappers
  • Fall arrest systems
  • Power drills
  • Rough terrain forklifts
  • Two way radios
  • Drill presses
  • Gin poles
  • Hoists
  • Saws
  • Hand trucks
  • Snowplows
  • Pedestal grinders
  • Scarifiers
  • Air compressors
  • Hydraulic chainsaws
  • Shovels
  • Scaffolding
  • Laser screeds
  • Hydraulic track-guided wall saws
  • Measuring wheels
  • Concrete pumpers
  • Gas leak detection devices
  • Bosun chairs
  • Pneumatic drills
  • Sandblasters
  • Suction sweepers
  • Smudge pots
  • Paint sprayers
  • Spades
  • Cutoff saws
  • Pressure washers
  • Jig saws
  • Winches
  • Belt conveyors
  • Circular saws
  • Hydraulic boring machines
  • Trenchers
  • Brick carrier forks
  • Plumb bobs
  • Salamanders
  • Punches
  • Cold chisels
  • Calipers
  • Ride-on vacuum cleaners
  • Carpenters' levels
  • Crawler shovels
  • Mortar hoes
  • Air drills
  • Sewer cleaner vactors
  • Concrete saws
  • Paddle mixers
  • Hammers
  • Rotary hammers
  • Robotic pipe cleaners
  • Hand grinders
  • Respirators
  • Sidewalk sweepers
  • Road rollers
  • Forklifts
  • Screwdrivers
  • Reciprocating saws
  • Tuck pointers
  • Oxygen/acetylene torches
  • Weed sprayers
  • Chipping guns
  • Shielded arc welding tools
  • Brick tongs
  • Nail guns
  • Bandsaws
  • Walk-behind compacting equipment
  • Scissor lifts
  • Fencing pliers
  • Transit levels
  • Concrete mixers
  • Steam jennies
  • Crowbars
  • Sewer rodding machines
  • Pickup trucks
  • Remote pipe cameras
  • Caulking guns
  • Temperature probes
  • Oil distributors
  • Protective suits
  • Manlifts
  • Bench grinders
  • Floor sanders
  • Air monitoring equipment
  • Demolition saws
  • Torches
  • Axes
  • Spirit levels
  • Floats
  • Adjustable widemouth pliers
  • Saber saws
  • Surveying rods
  • Hydraulic rock drills
  • Post hole augers
  • Asphalt saws
  • Earth tampers
  • Masonry forklifts
  • Adjustable wrenches
  • Picks
  • Jackhammers
  • Motor graders
  • Swing stages
  • Vibratory plate compactors
  • Coring machines
  • Power screwdrivers
  • Floor saws
  • Theodolites
  • Carpenters' squares
  • Stump cutters
  • Cable pullers
  • Water tank trucks
  • Water spraying equipment
  • Micrometers
  • Levels
  • Guniting machines
  • Mattocks
  • Mud jacks
  • Smoke testers
  • Robotic pipe cutters
  • Welding hoods
  • Trowels
  • Rakes
  • Mowing equipment
  • Mortar mixers
  • Stucco spray guns
  • Hammer drills
  • Power sanders
  • Tripods
  • Steam cleaning equipment
  • Wagon drills
  • Chain saws
  • Water levels
  • Generators
  • Jet trucks for cleaning sewer lines
  • Screeds
  • Slings
  • Plaster mixers
  • Tape measures
  • Asphalt kettles
  • Bale hooks
  • Plasma cutters
  • Kerosene burners
  • Brick hammers
  • Chip spreaders
  • Cutout saws
  • Forks
  • Power buggies
  • Asphalt mops
  • Loaders
  • Hole cutters
  • Dynamite blasters
  • Impact wrenches

Alternative Job Titles