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Automation Risk Analysis

Will “Pick and Shovel Man” be Automated?

Historical Context: Oxford Study (2013)

Ranked #512 of 702. Estimated risk: 88.0%

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AI Exposure Risk

48%

“Pick and Shovel Man” will probably not be replaced by AI.

Based on the cognitive demands, communication requirements, and logical reasoning intrinsic to this occupation according to O*NET data, we project a 48% probability of disruption by generative AI and Large Language Models.

Automation & Robot Risk

56%

“Pick and Shovel Man” will maybe be replaced by robots.

Evaluating the physical dexterity, repetitive motion tasks, and manual labor associated with this role, our analysis indicates a 56% likelihood of substitution by advanced robotics systems.

Personal & Financial Insights

Every occupation has a unique profile. For Construction Laborers, the Bureau of Labor Statistics and O*NET classify the day-to-day work broadly as: Perform tasks involving physical labor at construction sites. May operate hand and power tools of all types: air hammers, earth tampers, cement mixers, small mechanical hoists, surveying and measuring equipment, and a variety of other equipment and instruments. May clean and prepare sites, dig trenches, set braces to support the sides of excavations, erect scaffolding, and clean up rubble, debris, and other waste materials. May assist other craft workers.

Avg. Annual Salary $51,260
Avg. Hourly Wage $24.64
Available Jobs (US) 1,057,660
Job Title & Hierarchy Code (SOC) Construction Laborers #47-2061
Wage vs. National Median
ℹ️

Data is based on the reference occupation: “Construction Laborers”

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Core Skills & Abilities

  • Load, unload, or identify building materials, machinery, or tools, distributing them to the appropriate locations, according to project plans or specifications.

  • Clean or prepare construction sites to eliminate possible hazards.

  • Tend machines that pump concrete, grout, cement, sand, plaster, or stucco through spray guns for application to ceilings or walls.

  • Grind, scrape, sand, or polish surfaces, such as concrete, marble, terrazzo, or wood flooring, using abrasive tools or machines.

  • Apply caulking compounds by hand or caulking guns to protect against entry of water or air.

  • Measure, mark, or record openings or distances to layout areas where construction work will be performed.

  • Place, consolidate, or protect case-in-place concrete or masonry structures.

  • Erect or dismantle scaffolding, shoring, braces, traffic barricades, ramps, or other temporary structures.

  • Read plans, instructions, or specifications to determine work activities.

  • Tend pumps, compressors, or generators to provide power for tools, machinery, or equipment or to heat or move materials, such as asphalt.

  • Install sewer, water, or storm drain pipes, using pipe-laying machinery or laser guidance equipment.

  • Mix, pour, or spread concrete, using portable cement mixers.

  • Smooth or finish freshly poured cement or concrete, using floats, trowels, screeds, or powered cement finishing tools.

  • Signal equipment operators to facilitate alignment, movement, or adjustment of machinery, equipment, or materials.

  • Provide assistance to craft workers, such as carpenters, plasterers, or masons.

  • Operate jackhammers or drills to break up concrete or pavement.

  • Position or dismantle forms for pouring concrete, using saws, hammers, nails, or bolts.

  • Control traffic passing near, in, or around work zones.

  • Operate or maintain air monitoring or other sampling devices in confined or hazardous environments.

  • Spray materials, such as water, sand, steam, vinyl, paint, or stucco, through hoses to clean, coat, or seal surfaces.

  • Dig ditches or trenches, backfill excavations, or compact and level earth to grade specifications, using picks, shovels, pneumatic tampers, or rakes.

  • Position, join, align, or seal structural components, such as concrete wall sections or pipes.

  • Perform site activities required of green certified construction practices, such as implementing waste management procedures, identifying materials for reuse, or installing erosion or sedimentation control mechanisms.

  • Raze buildings or salvage useful materials.

  • Lubricate, clean, or repair machinery, equipment, or tools.

  • Mix ingredients to create compounds for covering or cleaning surfaces.

  • Mop, brush, or spread paints, cleaning solutions, or other compounds over surfaces to clean them or to provide protection.

Technologies & Software

  • Oracle Primavera Enterprise Project Portfolio Management
  • Autodesk Revit
  • Gemini for Workspace
  • Autodesk Construction AI
  • Microsoft Excel
  • Microsoft Outlook
  • Procore AI
  • Buildots AI
  • Microsoft Windows
  • Microsoft Word
  • Microsoft Office software
  • ChatGPT (OpenAI)
  • Ladders
  • Wire stretchers
  • Carpenters' squares
  • Chain saws
  • Calipers
  • Asphalt mops
  • Rotary hammers
  • Asphalt kettles
  • Air compressors
  • Pneumatic staplers
  • Two way radios
  • Laser levels
  • Road rollers
  • Sidewalk sweepers
  • Water tank trucks
  • Sewer rodding machines
  • Jig saws
  • Kerosene burners
  • Manlifts
  • Hydraulic track-guided wall saws
  • Liquid propane torches
  • Bale hooks
  • Brick hammers
  • Hammer drills
  • Dump trucks
  • Generators
  • Concrete saws
  • Sewer cleaner vactors
  • Water spraying equipment
  • Swing chairs
  • Robotic pipe cutters
  • Spades
  • Salamanders
  • Cable pullers
  • Post hole augers
  • Bandsaws
  • Gin poles
  • Cutoff saws
  • Smoke testers
  • Tampers
  • Walk-behind saws
  • Screeds
  • Mowing equipment
  • Steam cleaning equipment
  • Drill presses
  • Forks
  • Hand trucks
  • Trenchers
  • Jackhammers
  • Plasma cutters
  • Asphalt saws
  • Laser screeds
  • Scaffolding
  • Scissor lifts
  • Brick tongs
  • Demolition saws
  • Fencing pliers
  • Surveying rods
  • Water levels
  • Dynamite blasters
  • Cold chisels
  • Hydraulic rock drills
  • Skid steer loaders
  • Pedestal grinders
  • Respirators
  • Water samplers
  • Oxygen/acetylene torches
  • Fall arrest systems
  • Plaster mixers
  • Forklifts
  • Electric boring machines
  • Robotic pipe cleaners
  • Pressure washers
  • Suction sweepers
  • Vibratory plate compactors
  • Chipping guns
  • Cutout saws
  • Slings
  • Jet trucks for cleaning sewer lines
  • Snowplows
  • Smudge pots
  • Caulking guns
  • Impact wrenches
  • Mortar hoes
  • Spirit levels
  • Loaders
  • Transit levels
  • Trowels
  • Weed sprayers
  • Hydraulic booms
  • Welding hoods
  • Air monitoring equipment
  • Coring machines
  • Stump cutters
  • Tripods
  • Measuring wheels
  • Hoists
  • Axes
  • Concrete pumpers
  • Electric drills
  • Walk-behind compacting equipment
  • Paint sprayers
  • Scarifiers
  • Remote pipe cameras
  • Protective suits
  • Saber saws
  • Adjustable widemouth pliers
  • Hydraulic boring machines
  • Power drills
  • Hammers
  • Air drills
  • Belt conveyors
  • Bench grinders
  • Floor saws
  • Motor graders
  • Floor sanders
  • Hydraulic chainsaws
  • Stucco spray guns
  • Adjustable wrenches
  • Power screwdrivers
  • Floats
  • Micrometers
  • Carpenters' levels
  • Ride-on vacuum cleaners
  • Hole cutters
  • Chip spreaders
  • Picks
  • Swing stages
  • Crawler shovels
  • Temperature probes
  • Concrete mixers
  • Punches
  • Shovels
  • Guniting machines
  • Shielded arc welding tools
  • Plumb bobs
  • Bosun chairs
  • Tape measures
  • Gas leak detection devices
  • Pneumatic drills
  • Pavement breakers
  • Theodolites
  • Torches
  • Sandblasters
  • Mud jacks
  • Brick carrier forks
  • Wagon drills
  • Screwdrivers
  • Hydraulic speed shoring equipment
  • Oil distributors
  • Tuck pointers
  • Pickup trucks
  • Earth tampers
  • Crowbars
  • Impact hammers
  • Saws
  • Laser measuring devices
  • Power sanders
  • Nail guns
  • Reciprocating saws
  • Tappers
  • Laser guidance equipment for pipe placement
  • Circular saws
  • Rough terrain forklifts
  • Disc grinders
  • Power buggies
  • Mortar mixers
  • Masonry forklifts
  • Mattocks
  • Steam jennies
  • Paddle mixers
  • Levels
  • Hand grinders
  • Winches
  • Rakes

Alternative Job Titles