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Automation Risk Analysis

Will “Astrophysicist” be Automated?

Historical Context: Oxford Study (2013)

Ranked #175 of 702. Estimated risk: 10.0%

Directly assessed by researchers as unlikely to be automatable
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AI Exposure Risk

60%

“Astrophysicist” will maybe be replaced by AI.

Based on the cognitive demands, communication requirements, and logical reasoning intrinsic to this occupation according to O*NET data, we project a 60% probability of disruption by generative AI and Large Language Models.

Automation & Robot Risk

28%

“Astrophysicist” will almost certainly not be replaced by robots.

Evaluating the physical dexterity, repetitive motion tasks, and manual labor associated with this role, our analysis indicates a 28% likelihood of substitution by advanced robotics systems.

Personal & Financial Insights

Every occupation has a unique profile. For Physicists, the Bureau of Labor Statistics and O*NET classify the day-to-day work broadly as: Conduct research into physical phenomena, develop theories on the basis of observation and experiments, and devise methods to apply physical laws and theories.

Avg. Annual Salary $166,000
Avg. Hourly Wage $79.81
Available Jobs (US) 21,340
Job Title & Hierarchy Code (SOC) Physicists #19-2012
Wage vs. National Median
ℹ️

Data is based on the reference occupation: “Physicists”

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Related Occupations & Automation Risk

Economists

AI Risk 63%
Robot Risk 15%

Biochemists and Biophysicists

AI Risk 62%
Robot Risk 47%

Industrial Ecologists

AI Risk 61%
Robot Risk 23%

Geographers

AI Risk 61%
Robot Risk 28%

Environmental Economists

AI Risk 61%
Robot Risk 18%

Atmospheric and Space Scientists

AI Risk 61%
Robot Risk 28%

Core Skills & Abilities

  • Teach physics to students.

  • Report experimental results by writing papers for scientific journals or by presenting information at scientific conferences.

  • Observe the structure and properties of matter, and the transformation and propagation of energy, using equipment such as masers, lasers, and telescopes, to explore and identify the basic principles governing these phenomena.

  • Collaborate with other scientists in the design, development, and testing of experimental, industrial, or medical equipment, instrumentation, and procedures.

  • Describe and express observations and conclusions in mathematical terms.

  • Write research proposals to receive funding.

  • Develop theories and laws on the basis of observation and experiments, and apply these theories and laws to problems in areas such as nuclear energy, optics, and aerospace technology.

  • Design computer simulations to model physical data so that it can be better understood.

  • Perform complex calculations as part of the analysis and evaluation of data, using computers.

  • Analyze data from research conducted to detect and measure physical phenomena.

Technologies & Software

  • Microsoft Visual Basic
  • Formula translation/translator FORTRAN
  • REDUCE
  • Microsoft Office software
  • C
  • Structured query language SQL
  • Aptech Systems GAUSS
  • Mathsoft Mathcad
  • Mistral (Mistral AI)
  • Llama (Meta)
  • UNIX
  • Adobe Audition
  • RSI interactive data language IDL software
  • Spectroscopy software
  • Nova (Amazon)
  • Experimental Physics and Industrial Control System EPICS
  • RibbonSoft QCad
  • Video analysis software
  • Perplexity AI
  • Scribus
  • Microsoft Visual Studio
  • Adobe Photoshop
  • Enterprise resource planning ERP system
  • Microsoft PowerPoint
  • GNU Octave
  • OriginLab Origin
  • OpenStack
  • Amazon Web Services AWS software
  • Scite AI
  • Microsoft Excel
  • CERN Physics Analysis Workstation PAW
  • Mistral AI (chat/models)
  • Python
  • CERN ROOT
  • Wolfram Research Mathematica
  • Git
  • Vector Fields OPERA-3d
  • Radiation dose calculation software
  • Microsoft Access
  • Xfig
  • C++
  • Criss Software XRF11
  • Gnuplot
  • Ansible software
  • Gemini for Workspace
  • NotebookLM (Google)
  • SQLite
  • VMware
  • Qwen (Alibaba)
  • Elicit
  • Puppet
  • JavaScript
  • Synergy Software KaleidaGraph
  • Spectral Dynamics STAR
  • MySQL
  • Ploticus
  • Microsoft Word
  • Microsoft Azure software
  • Systat Software SigmaPlot
  • Microsoft Windows
  • Perl
  • Software development tools
  • Eclipse IDE
  • Consensus
  • Microsoft Visual J++
  • Lenox Softworks VideoPoint
  • Maplesoft Maple
  • The MathWorks MATLAB
  • Dose modeling software
  • ChatGPT (OpenAI)
  • SciGraphica
  • Grok (xAI)
  • Semantic Scholar AI
  • DeepSeek
  • xv
  • National Instruments LabVIEW
  • GNU Image Manipulation Program GIMP
  • Kimi (Moonshot AI)
  • Extensible markup language XML
  • SciLab
  • Autodesk AutoCAD
  • Claude (Anthropic)
  • Canu
  • Pascal
  • Oracle Database
  • Sun Microsystems Java
  • Gemini (Google)
  • COMSOL Multiphysics
  • Oracle Java
  • Statistical software
  • Database application software
  • Linux
  • Arbitrary function generators
  • Light scattering devices
  • Scanning electron microscopes SEM
  • Diode lasers
  • Atomic force microscopes
  • Gamma ray spectrometers
  • Thermoluminescent dosimeters
  • Atomic absorption AA spectrometers
  • Ionization chambers
  • Radiofrequency RF generators
  • Mass spectrometers
  • Scanning monochromators
  • Big G torsion balances
  • Photometer
  • Betatrons
  • Digital multimeters
  • Gas chromatography GC injectors
  • Digital oscilloscopes
  • Personal computers
  • Vacuum stations
  • Annealing furnaces
  • Laser power meters
  • Accelerometers
  • Positive ion accelerators
  • Programmable phase modulators
  • Electron microscopes
  • Vibrating sample magnetometers
  • Atomic emission detectors AED
  • Diffusion pumps
  • Two-channel fast Fourier transform FFT analyzers
  • Gaussmeters
  • High-resolution spectrometers
  • Headspace autosamplers
  • Photon counting systems
  • Capacitance bridges
  • Argon ion lasers
  • Prism spectrometers
  • Laboratory electromagnets
  • Nuclear magnetic resonance NMR spectroscopes
  • High-resolution semiconductor detectors
  • Pulsed nitrogen lasers
  • Laboratory centrifugal pumps
  • High-speed video cameras
  • Radiation detecting film badges
  • Magnetic force microscopes
  • High intensity UV sources
  • Single frequency dye lasers
  • Spectrophotometers
  • Conditioning amplifiers
  • Digital voltmeters DVM
  • Optical tweezers
  • Surface profilometers
  • Photodetectors
  • Gas chromatography equipment
  • Spectrum analyzers
  • Linear accelerators
  • Spring scales
  • Digital sound level meters
  • Friction-force microscopes
  • Transmission electron microscopes TEM
  • Visible spectrometers
  • Pistonphones
  • Portable fast Fourier transform FFT analyzers
  • Signal generators
  • Fourier transform infrared FTIR spectrometers
  • Computed tomography CT scanners
  • Neutron detectors
  • Two-channel dynamic signal analyzers
  • Monochromators
  • Laboratory box furnaces
  • Analytical balances
  • X ray photoemission spectrometers
  • Vibration exciters
  • Measuring microscopes
  • Interferometers
  • High vacuum equipment
  • Safety goggles
  • Magnetic resonance imaging MRI systems
  • Liquid helium level sensors
  • Vernier force sensors
  • Helium refrigerators
  • Laptop computers
  • Two-channel network analyzers
  • Diffusion-pumped vacuum systems
  • Mickelson interferometers
  • Pinhole filters
  • Microwave interferometers
  • Optical choppers
  • Function generators
  • Multiple diode lasers
  • Geiger-Muller counters
  • Digital plotters
  • Turbo-pumped vacuum systems
  • Grating monochromators
  • Telescopes
  • Power amplifiers
  • Cyclotrons
  • Sound intensity probes
  • Particle counters
  • Zeeman split lasers
  • Scintillation probes
  • Optical tables
  • Isotope ratio mass spectrometers
  • Laboratory tube furnaces
  • Cavity dumpers or drivers
  • Helium lasers
  • Galvanostats
  • Double monochromators
  • Analog frequency analyzers
  • Leak detection equipment
  • Analog sound level meters
  • Nanovoltmeters
  • Optical beamsplitting devices
  • High-energy accelerators
  • Cryostats
  • Desktop computers
  • Scanning tunneling microscopes STM
  • Optical detectors
  • Semiconductor parameter analyzers
  • X ray crystallography equipment
  • Charge-coupled device CCD cameras

Alternative Job Titles