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Automation Risk Analysis

Will “Astrophysicist” be Automated?

Historical Context: Oxford Study (2013)

Ranked #175 of 702. Estimated risk: 10.0%

Directly assessed by researchers as unlikely to be automatable
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AI Exposure Risk

60%

“Astrophysicist” will maybe be replaced by AI.

Based on the cognitive demands, communication requirements, and logical reasoning intrinsic to this occupation according to O*NET data, we project a 60% probability of disruption by generative AI and Large Language Models.

Automation & Robot Risk

28%

“Astrophysicist” will almost certainly not be replaced by robots.

Evaluating the physical dexterity, repetitive motion tasks, and manual labor associated with this role, our analysis indicates a 28% likelihood of substitution by advanced robotics systems.

Personal & Financial Insights

Every occupation has a unique profile. For Physicists, the Bureau of Labor Statistics and O*NET classify the day-to-day work broadly as: Conduct research into physical phenomena, develop theories on the basis of observation and experiments, and devise methods to apply physical laws and theories.

Avg. Annual Salary $166,000
Avg. Hourly Wage $79.81
Available Jobs (US) 21,340
Job Title & Hierarchy Code (SOC) Physicists #19-2012
Wage vs. National Median
ℹ️

Data is based on the reference occupation: “Physicists”

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Related Occupations & Automation Risk

Economists

AI Risk 63%
Robot Risk 15%

Biochemists and Biophysicists

AI Risk 62%
Robot Risk 47%

Industrial Ecologists

AI Risk 61%
Robot Risk 23%

Geographers

AI Risk 61%
Robot Risk 28%

Environmental Economists

AI Risk 61%
Robot Risk 18%

Atmospheric and Space Scientists

AI Risk 61%
Robot Risk 28%

Core Skills & Abilities

  • Collaborate with other scientists in the design, development, and testing of experimental, industrial, or medical equipment, instrumentation, and procedures.

  • Design computer simulations to model physical data so that it can be better understood.

  • Teach physics to students.

  • Describe and express observations and conclusions in mathematical terms.

  • Observe the structure and properties of matter, and the transformation and propagation of energy, using equipment such as masers, lasers, and telescopes, to explore and identify the basic principles governing these phenomena.

  • Analyze data from research conducted to detect and measure physical phenomena.

  • Write research proposals to receive funding.

  • Develop theories and laws on the basis of observation and experiments, and apply these theories and laws to problems in areas such as nuclear energy, optics, and aerospace technology.

  • Perform complex calculations as part of the analysis and evaluation of data, using computers.

  • Report experimental results by writing papers for scientific journals or by presenting information at scientific conferences.

Technologies & Software

  • Nova (Amazon)
  • Consensus
  • UNIX
  • Structured query language SQL
  • CERN Physics Analysis Workstation PAW
  • NotebookLM (Google)
  • VMware
  • Aptech Systems GAUSS
  • Microsoft Visual Studio
  • Qwen (Alibaba)
  • GNU Image Manipulation Program GIMP
  • Lenox Softworks VideoPoint
  • Python
  • Adobe Audition
  • Microsoft Access
  • Dose modeling software
  • Video analysis software
  • Criss Software XRF11
  • Wolfram Research Mathematica
  • SciGraphica
  • COMSOL Multiphysics
  • Gemini (Google)
  • Perl
  • C++
  • Eclipse IDE
  • Microsoft Word
  • National Instruments LabVIEW
  • Experimental Physics and Industrial Control System EPICS
  • Enterprise resource planning ERP system
  • Scite AI
  • Ansible software
  • Microsoft PowerPoint
  • Database application software
  • Maplesoft Maple
  • SciLab
  • Xfig
  • Microsoft Visual Basic
  • Mistral AI (chat/models)
  • Spectroscopy software
  • Elicit
  • Microsoft Windows
  • Gemini for Workspace
  • Claude (Anthropic)
  • Statistical software
  • Kimi (Moonshot AI)
  • Spectral Dynamics STAR
  • Canu
  • C
  • xv
  • Extensible markup language XML
  • Microsoft Excel
  • Amazon Web Services AWS software
  • RSI interactive data language IDL software
  • The MathWorks MATLAB
  • MySQL
  • Adobe Photoshop
  • Git
  • Puppet
  • Sun Microsystems Java
  • GNU Octave
  • Microsoft Azure software
  • REDUCE
  • Formula translation/translator FORTRAN
  • OpenStack
  • Microsoft Office software
  • CERN ROOT
  • ChatGPT (OpenAI)
  • DeepSeek
  • Mistral (Mistral AI)
  • Llama (Meta)
  • Microsoft Visual J++
  • Oracle Java
  • SQLite
  • Ploticus
  • Semantic Scholar AI
  • Synergy Software KaleidaGraph
  • OriginLab Origin
  • Vector Fields OPERA-3d
  • Mathsoft Mathcad
  • Radiation dose calculation software
  • Software development tools
  • Scribus
  • Linux
  • Systat Software SigmaPlot
  • Autodesk AutoCAD
  • RibbonSoft QCad
  • JavaScript
  • Grok (xAI)
  • Perplexity AI
  • Oracle Database
  • Gnuplot
  • Pascal
  • Laptop computers
  • Linear accelerators
  • Gaussmeters
  • Nanovoltmeters
  • X ray photoemission spectrometers
  • Mass spectrometers
  • Microwave interferometers
  • Radiation detecting film badges
  • Monochromators
  • Laboratory tube furnaces
  • Annealing furnaces
  • Charge-coupled device CCD cameras
  • Diode lasers
  • Isotope ratio mass spectrometers
  • High-speed video cameras
  • Computed tomography CT scanners
  • Leak detection equipment
  • Vernier force sensors
  • Light scattering devices
  • Gas chromatography equipment
  • Atomic emission detectors AED
  • Vibration exciters
  • Fourier transform infrared FTIR spectrometers
  • Spectrophotometers
  • Arbitrary function generators
  • Magnetic force microscopes
  • Personal computers
  • Digital oscilloscopes
  • Scanning tunneling microscopes STM
  • Telescopes
  • Sound intensity probes
  • Betatrons
  • Scanning electron microscopes SEM
  • Cavity dumpers or drivers
  • Semiconductor parameter analyzers
  • Laboratory box furnaces
  • Vacuum stations
  • High-resolution spectrometers
  • Grating monochromators
  • Geiger-Muller counters
  • Spring scales
  • High intensity UV sources
  • Atomic absorption AA spectrometers
  • Nuclear magnetic resonance NMR spectroscopes
  • Prism spectrometers
  • Optical beamsplitting devices
  • Two-channel dynamic signal analyzers
  • High-resolution semiconductor detectors
  • Scanning monochromators
  • Diffusion-pumped vacuum systems
  • Pulsed nitrogen lasers
  • Digital voltmeters DVM
  • Single frequency dye lasers
  • Pinhole filters
  • Capacitance bridges
  • High vacuum equipment
  • Radiofrequency RF generators
  • Double monochromators
  • Optical tweezers
  • Scintillation probes
  • Photometer
  • Ionization chambers
  • Multiple diode lasers
  • Optical detectors
  • Safety goggles
  • Turbo-pumped vacuum systems
  • Neutron detectors
  • X ray crystallography equipment
  • Cryostats
  • Argon ion lasers
  • Gas chromatography GC injectors
  • Atomic force microscopes
  • Headspace autosamplers
  • Pistonphones
  • Big G torsion balances
  • Helium lasers
  • Gamma ray spectrometers
  • Thermoluminescent dosimeters
  • Photodetectors
  • Accelerometers
  • Programmable phase modulators
  • Conditioning amplifiers
  • Diffusion pumps
  • Laser power meters
  • Electron microscopes
  • Particle counters
  • Visible spectrometers
  • Laboratory electromagnets
  • Magnetic resonance imaging MRI systems
  • Analytical balances
  • Analog sound level meters
  • Surface profilometers
  • Optical choppers
  • Transmission electron microscopes TEM
  • Two-channel fast Fourier transform FFT analyzers
  • Photon counting systems
  • Laboratory centrifugal pumps
  • Galvanostats
  • Digital multimeters
  • Measuring microscopes
  • Spectrum analyzers
  • Helium refrigerators
  • Vibrating sample magnetometers
  • Function generators
  • Digital plotters
  • Interferometers
  • High-energy accelerators
  • Desktop computers
  • Portable fast Fourier transform FFT analyzers
  • Power amplifiers
  • Digital sound level meters
  • Positive ion accelerators
  • Liquid helium level sensors
  • Signal generators
  • Optical tables
  • Friction-force microscopes
  • Two-channel network analyzers
  • Cyclotrons
  • Zeeman split lasers
  • Analog frequency analyzers
  • Mickelson interferometers

Alternative Job Titles