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Automation Risk Analysis

Will “Thermodynamic Physicist” be Automated?

Historical Context: Oxford Study (2013)

Ranked #175 of 702. Estimated risk: 10.0%

Directly assessed by researchers as unlikely to be automatable
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AI Exposure Risk

60%

“Thermodynamic Physicist” will maybe be replaced by AI.

Based on the cognitive demands, communication requirements, and logical reasoning intrinsic to this occupation according to O*NET data, we project a 60% probability of disruption by generative AI and Large Language Models.

Automation & Robot Risk

28%

“Thermodynamic Physicist” will almost certainly not be replaced by robots.

Evaluating the physical dexterity, repetitive motion tasks, and manual labor associated with this role, our analysis indicates a 28% likelihood of substitution by advanced robotics systems.

Personal & Financial Insights

Every occupation has a unique profile. For Physicists, the Bureau of Labor Statistics and O*NET classify the day-to-day work broadly as: Conduct research into physical phenomena, develop theories on the basis of observation and experiments, and devise methods to apply physical laws and theories.

Avg. Annual Salary $166,000
Avg. Hourly Wage $79.81
Available Jobs (US) 21,340
Job Title & Hierarchy Code (SOC) Physicists #19-2012
Wage vs. National Median
ℹ️

Data is based on the reference occupation: “Physicists”

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Related Occupations & Automation Risk

Economists

AI Risk 63%
Robot Risk 15%

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AI Risk 62%
Robot Risk 47%

Industrial Ecologists

AI Risk 61%
Robot Risk 23%

Geographers

AI Risk 61%
Robot Risk 28%

Environmental Economists

AI Risk 61%
Robot Risk 18%

Atmospheric and Space Scientists

AI Risk 61%
Robot Risk 28%

Core Skills & Abilities

  • Teach physics to students.

  • Observe the structure and properties of matter, and the transformation and propagation of energy, using equipment such as masers, lasers, and telescopes, to explore and identify the basic principles governing these phenomena.

  • Analyze data from research conducted to detect and measure physical phenomena.

  • Collaborate with other scientists in the design, development, and testing of experimental, industrial, or medical equipment, instrumentation, and procedures.

  • Write research proposals to receive funding.

  • Perform complex calculations as part of the analysis and evaluation of data, using computers.

  • Design computer simulations to model physical data so that it can be better understood.

  • Describe and express observations and conclusions in mathematical terms.

  • Report experimental results by writing papers for scientific journals or by presenting information at scientific conferences.

  • Develop theories and laws on the basis of observation and experiments, and apply these theories and laws to problems in areas such as nuclear energy, optics, and aerospace technology.

Technologies & Software

  • Canu
  • Amazon Web Services AWS software
  • Wolfram Research Mathematica
  • Statistical software
  • COMSOL Multiphysics
  • Sun Microsystems Java
  • xv
  • Mistral (Mistral AI)
  • Pascal
  • Qwen (Alibaba)
  • RibbonSoft QCad
  • Database application software
  • UNIX
  • Structured query language SQL
  • Spectroscopy software
  • Formula translation/translator FORTRAN
  • Video analysis software
  • Microsoft Office software
  • Llama (Meta)
  • Xfig
  • VMware
  • Systat Software SigmaPlot
  • GNU Image Manipulation Program GIMP
  • OriginLab Origin
  • Dose modeling software
  • Mistral AI (chat/models)
  • Microsoft PowerPoint
  • Microsoft Excel
  • DeepSeek
  • Vector Fields OPERA-3d
  • Microsoft Visual Basic
  • SciLab
  • OpenStack
  • Ansible software
  • Microsoft Word
  • Lenox Softworks VideoPoint
  • Perplexity AI
  • Microsoft Azure software
  • Kimi (Moonshot AI)
  • The MathWorks MATLAB
  • Grok (xAI)
  • Microsoft Access
  • Microsoft Visual J++
  • Experimental Physics and Industrial Control System EPICS
  • NotebookLM (Google)
  • Enterprise resource planning ERP system
  • Gemini for Workspace
  • ChatGPT (OpenAI)
  • Adobe Photoshop
  • Git
  • Python
  • C++
  • Criss Software XRF11
  • National Instruments LabVIEW
  • Ploticus
  • JavaScript
  • Spectral Dynamics STAR
  • Microsoft Windows
  • Gnuplot
  • Oracle Database
  • RSI interactive data language IDL software
  • Puppet
  • Claude (Anthropic)
  • SQLite
  • Consensus
  • Microsoft Visual Studio
  • Scribus
  • CERN ROOT
  • CERN Physics Analysis Workstation PAW
  • Mathsoft Mathcad
  • Radiation dose calculation software
  • GNU Octave
  • Scite AI
  • SciGraphica
  • Nova (Amazon)
  • Aptech Systems GAUSS
  • C
  • Semantic Scholar AI
  • Extensible markup language XML
  • Eclipse IDE
  • Adobe Audition
  • Gemini (Google)
  • Autodesk AutoCAD
  • REDUCE
  • Software development tools
  • Perl
  • Maplesoft Maple
  • Linux
  • Elicit
  • Synergy Software KaleidaGraph
  • MySQL
  • Oracle Java
  • Analog sound level meters
  • Diffusion pumps
  • Photometer
  • Analog frequency analyzers
  • Two-channel fast Fourier transform FFT analyzers
  • Isotope ratio mass spectrometers
  • Arbitrary function generators
  • Laboratory centrifugal pumps
  • Betatrons
  • Photodetectors
  • Telescopes
  • Pinhole filters
  • Electron microscopes
  • Single frequency dye lasers
  • Power amplifiers
  • Cryostats
  • Vibrating sample magnetometers
  • Friction-force microscopes
  • Annealing furnaces
  • Pulsed nitrogen lasers
  • Ionization chambers
  • High-resolution semiconductor detectors
  • Digital oscilloscopes
  • Leak detection equipment
  • High-resolution spectrometers
  • Accelerometers
  • Mass spectrometers
  • Two-channel network analyzers
  • Vacuum stations
  • High-energy accelerators
  • Monochromators
  • Multiple diode lasers
  • Prism spectrometers
  • Scanning monochromators
  • Laboratory box furnaces
  • Double monochromators
  • X ray photoemission spectrometers
  • Atomic force microscopes
  • Positive ion accelerators
  • Digital multimeters
  • Digital plotters
  • Microwave interferometers
  • Portable fast Fourier transform FFT analyzers
  • Transmission electron microscopes TEM
  • Helium lasers
  • Measuring microscopes
  • Conditioning amplifiers
  • Analytical balances
  • Grating monochromators
  • Cavity dumpers or drivers
  • Spectrophotometers
  • Particle counters
  • X ray crystallography equipment
  • Scanning tunneling microscopes STM
  • Semiconductor parameter analyzers
  • Function generators
  • Thermoluminescent dosimeters
  • Vibration exciters
  • Cyclotrons
  • Diffusion-pumped vacuum systems
  • Nanovoltmeters
  • Optical beamsplitting devices
  • Radiation detecting film badges
  • Gaussmeters
  • Laboratory tube furnaces
  • Laser power meters
  • Argon ion lasers
  • Galvanostats
  • Surface profilometers
  • Photon counting systems
  • Gas chromatography equipment
  • Programmable phase modulators
  • Vernier force sensors
  • Sound intensity probes
  • Nuclear magnetic resonance NMR spectroscopes
  • Gas chromatography GC injectors
  • Two-channel dynamic signal analyzers
  • Safety goggles
  • Laboratory electromagnets
  • Turbo-pumped vacuum systems
  • Gamma ray spectrometers
  • Scintillation probes
  • Geiger-Muller counters
  • Charge-coupled device CCD cameras
  • Optical tweezers
  • Interferometers
  • Light scattering devices
  • Computed tomography CT scanners
  • Pistonphones
  • Optical tables
  • High intensity UV sources
  • Magnetic force microscopes
  • Visible spectrometers
  • Atomic emission detectors AED
  • Scanning electron microscopes SEM
  • Neutron detectors
  • High-speed video cameras
  • Optical detectors
  • Zeeman split lasers
  • Radiofrequency RF generators
  • Personal computers
  • Linear accelerators
  • High vacuum equipment
  • Laptop computers
  • Signal generators
  • Spring scales
  • Optical choppers
  • Digital voltmeters DVM
  • Helium refrigerators
  • Diode lasers
  • Atomic absorption AA spectrometers
  • Liquid helium level sensors
  • Magnetic resonance imaging MRI systems
  • Mickelson interferometers
  • Desktop computers
  • Capacitance bridges
  • Spectrum analyzers
  • Big G torsion balances
  • Fourier transform infrared FTIR spectrometers
  • Headspace autosamplers
  • Digital sound level meters

Alternative Job Titles