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Automation Risk Analysis

Will “Theoretical Physicist” be Automated?

Historical Context: Oxford Study (2013)

Ranked #175 of 702. Estimated risk: 10.0%

Directly assessed by researchers as unlikely to be automatable
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AI Exposure Risk

60%

“Theoretical Physicist” will maybe be replaced by AI.

Based on the cognitive demands, communication requirements, and logical reasoning intrinsic to this occupation according to O*NET data, we project a 60% probability of disruption by generative AI and Large Language Models.

Automation & Robot Risk

28%

“Theoretical Physicist” will almost certainly not be replaced by robots.

Evaluating the physical dexterity, repetitive motion tasks, and manual labor associated with this role, our analysis indicates a 28% likelihood of substitution by advanced robotics systems.

Personal & Financial Insights

Every occupation has a unique profile. For Physicists, the Bureau of Labor Statistics and O*NET classify the day-to-day work broadly as: Conduct research into physical phenomena, develop theories on the basis of observation and experiments, and devise methods to apply physical laws and theories.

Avg. Annual Salary $166,000
Avg. Hourly Wage $79.81
Available Jobs (US) 21,340
Job Title & Hierarchy Code (SOC) Physicists #19-2012
Wage vs. National Median
ℹ️

Data is based on the reference occupation: “Physicists”

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Related Occupations & Automation Risk

Economists

AI Risk 63%
Robot Risk 15%

Biochemists and Biophysicists

AI Risk 62%
Robot Risk 47%

Industrial Ecologists

AI Risk 61%
Robot Risk 23%

Geographers

AI Risk 61%
Robot Risk 28%

Environmental Economists

AI Risk 61%
Robot Risk 18%

Atmospheric and Space Scientists

AI Risk 61%
Robot Risk 28%

Core Skills & Abilities

  • Design computer simulations to model physical data so that it can be better understood.

  • Collaborate with other scientists in the design, development, and testing of experimental, industrial, or medical equipment, instrumentation, and procedures.

  • Observe the structure and properties of matter, and the transformation and propagation of energy, using equipment such as masers, lasers, and telescopes, to explore and identify the basic principles governing these phenomena.

  • Teach physics to students.

  • Write research proposals to receive funding.

  • Perform complex calculations as part of the analysis and evaluation of data, using computers.

  • Develop theories and laws on the basis of observation and experiments, and apply these theories and laws to problems in areas such as nuclear energy, optics, and aerospace technology.

  • Describe and express observations and conclusions in mathematical terms.

  • Analyze data from research conducted to detect and measure physical phenomena.

  • Report experimental results by writing papers for scientific journals or by presenting information at scientific conferences.

Technologies & Software

  • Microsoft Visual Studio
  • Vector Fields OPERA-3d
  • Python
  • Mistral (Mistral AI)
  • Microsoft Office software
  • Formula translation/translator FORTRAN
  • Claude (Anthropic)
  • Semantic Scholar AI
  • Structured query language SQL
  • Oracle Java
  • Qwen (Alibaba)
  • GNU Image Manipulation Program GIMP
  • Gnuplot
  • Grok (xAI)
  • Ploticus
  • JavaScript
  • RSI interactive data language IDL software
  • Perl
  • Aptech Systems GAUSS
  • Eclipse IDE
  • Gemini (Google)
  • OriginLab Origin
  • GNU Octave
  • SciGraphica
  • Wolfram Research Mathematica
  • Microsoft Word
  • Ansible software
  • Software development tools
  • Microsoft Windows
  • Microsoft Visual J++
  • Nova (Amazon)
  • Elicit
  • Canu
  • SQLite
  • C++
  • Microsoft PowerPoint
  • Scite AI
  • CERN Physics Analysis Workstation PAW
  • Radiation dose calculation software
  • MySQL
  • DeepSeek
  • Lenox Softworks VideoPoint
  • Spectral Dynamics STAR
  • Consensus
  • REDUCE
  • OpenStack
  • Adobe Audition
  • Maplesoft Maple
  • Autodesk AutoCAD
  • Statistical software
  • Git
  • Microsoft Visual Basic
  • ChatGPT (OpenAI)
  • Llama (Meta)
  • Puppet
  • CERN ROOT
  • Systat Software SigmaPlot
  • VMware
  • Microsoft Access
  • RibbonSoft QCad
  • The MathWorks MATLAB
  • Extensible markup language XML
  • Synergy Software KaleidaGraph
  • Oracle Database
  • Perplexity AI
  • Scribus
  • Adobe Photoshop
  • Microsoft Excel
  • National Instruments LabVIEW
  • Mistral AI (chat/models)
  • Database application software
  • Gemini for Workspace
  • Spectroscopy software
  • Video analysis software
  • COMSOL Multiphysics
  • Pascal
  • UNIX
  • C
  • Microsoft Azure software
  • NotebookLM (Google)
  • Amazon Web Services AWS software
  • Experimental Physics and Industrial Control System EPICS
  • SciLab
  • Xfig
  • xv
  • Enterprise resource planning ERP system
  • Mathsoft Mathcad
  • Linux
  • Criss Software XRF11
  • Sun Microsystems Java
  • Dose modeling software
  • Kimi (Moonshot AI)
  • Cyclotrons
  • Fourier transform infrared FTIR spectrometers
  • Digital multimeters
  • Two-channel fast Fourier transform FFT analyzers
  • High-resolution spectrometers
  • High intensity UV sources
  • Electron microscopes
  • Atomic force microscopes
  • Vibration exciters
  • Isotope ratio mass spectrometers
  • Positive ion accelerators
  • Surface profilometers
  • Personal computers
  • Linear accelerators
  • Radiofrequency RF generators
  • Telescopes
  • Conditioning amplifiers
  • Prism spectrometers
  • High-resolution semiconductor detectors
  • Signal generators
  • Optical tables
  • Gas chromatography GC injectors
  • Laser power meters
  • Capacitance bridges
  • Photometer
  • Mickelson interferometers
  • Vibrating sample magnetometers
  • Multiple diode lasers
  • Scanning monochromators
  • Friction-force microscopes
  • High-speed video cameras
  • Pinhole filters
  • Pistonphones
  • Magnetic resonance imaging MRI systems
  • Atomic emission detectors AED
  • Laboratory electromagnets
  • Laboratory box furnaces
  • Double monochromators
  • Optical beamsplitting devices
  • Vernier force sensors
  • Argon ion lasers
  • Power amplifiers
  • Optical detectors
  • Cryostats
  • Diode lasers
  • Light scattering devices
  • Analog sound level meters
  • Two-channel dynamic signal analyzers
  • Leak detection equipment
  • Diffusion pumps
  • Vacuum stations
  • Spectrophotometers
  • Single frequency dye lasers
  • Measuring microscopes
  • Mass spectrometers
  • Big G torsion balances
  • Gamma ray spectrometers
  • Nuclear magnetic resonance NMR spectroscopes
  • Helium refrigerators
  • Transmission electron microscopes TEM
  • Scintillation probes
  • Spectrum analyzers
  • Function generators
  • Interferometers
  • Optical tweezers
  • Grating monochromators
  • Digital plotters
  • Liquid helium level sensors
  • Digital voltmeters DVM
  • Desktop computers
  • Helium lasers
  • Annealing furnaces
  • Digital oscilloscopes
  • Betatrons
  • Two-channel network analyzers
  • Accelerometers
  • High-energy accelerators
  • Diffusion-pumped vacuum systems
  • Laboratory tube furnaces
  • Turbo-pumped vacuum systems
  • Geiger-Muller counters
  • Particle counters
  • Portable fast Fourier transform FFT analyzers
  • Gas chromatography equipment
  • Gaussmeters
  • Monochromators
  • Computed tomography CT scanners
  • Microwave interferometers
  • Headspace autosamplers
  • Digital sound level meters
  • Zeeman split lasers
  • Radiation detecting film badges
  • Spring scales
  • Atomic absorption AA spectrometers
  • Sound intensity probes
  • Scanning tunneling microscopes STM
  • Arbitrary function generators
  • Analog frequency analyzers
  • Photon counting systems
  • Photodetectors
  • Thermoluminescent dosimeters
  • High vacuum equipment
  • Semiconductor parameter analyzers
  • Safety goggles
  • Visible spectrometers
  • X ray photoemission spectrometers
  • Magnetic force microscopes
  • Laptop computers
  • Pulsed nitrogen lasers
  • X ray crystallography equipment
  • Analytical balances
  • Charge-coupled device CCD cameras
  • Scanning electron microscopes SEM
  • Galvanostats
  • Neutron detectors
  • Ionization chambers
  • Laboratory centrifugal pumps
  • Programmable phase modulators
  • Nanovoltmeters
  • Optical choppers
  • Cavity dumpers or drivers

Alternative Job Titles