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Automation Risk Analysis

Will “Optical Scientist” be Automated?

Historical Context: Oxford Study (2013)

Ranked #175 of 702. Estimated risk: 10.0%

Directly assessed by researchers as unlikely to be automatable
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AI Exposure Risk

60%

“Optical Scientist” will maybe be replaced by AI.

Based on the cognitive demands, communication requirements, and logical reasoning intrinsic to this occupation according to O*NET data, we project a 60% probability of disruption by generative AI and Large Language Models.

Automation & Robot Risk

28%

“Optical Scientist” will almost certainly not be replaced by robots.

Evaluating the physical dexterity, repetitive motion tasks, and manual labor associated with this role, our analysis indicates a 28% likelihood of substitution by advanced robotics systems.

Personal & Financial Insights

Every occupation has a unique profile. For Physicists, the Bureau of Labor Statistics and O*NET classify the day-to-day work broadly as: Conduct research into physical phenomena, develop theories on the basis of observation and experiments, and devise methods to apply physical laws and theories.

Avg. Annual Salary $166,000
Avg. Hourly Wage $79.81
Available Jobs (US) 21,340
Job Title & Hierarchy Code (SOC) Physicists #19-2012
Wage vs. National Median
ℹ️

Data is based on the reference occupation: “Physicists”

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Related Occupations & Automation Risk

Economists

AI Risk 63%
Robot Risk 15%

Biochemists and Biophysicists

AI Risk 62%
Robot Risk 47%

Industrial Ecologists

AI Risk 61%
Robot Risk 23%

Geographers

AI Risk 61%
Robot Risk 28%

Environmental Economists

AI Risk 61%
Robot Risk 18%

Atmospheric and Space Scientists

AI Risk 61%
Robot Risk 28%

Core Skills & Abilities

  • Report experimental results by writing papers for scientific journals or by presenting information at scientific conferences.

  • Write research proposals to receive funding.

  • Teach physics to students.

  • Describe and express observations and conclusions in mathematical terms.

  • Observe the structure and properties of matter, and the transformation and propagation of energy, using equipment such as masers, lasers, and telescopes, to explore and identify the basic principles governing these phenomena.

  • Develop theories and laws on the basis of observation and experiments, and apply these theories and laws to problems in areas such as nuclear energy, optics, and aerospace technology.

  • Analyze data from research conducted to detect and measure physical phenomena.

  • Design computer simulations to model physical data so that it can be better understood.

  • Collaborate with other scientists in the design, development, and testing of experimental, industrial, or medical equipment, instrumentation, and procedures.

  • Perform complex calculations as part of the analysis and evaluation of data, using computers.

Technologies & Software

  • SciLab
  • Mathsoft Mathcad
  • DeepSeek
  • Grok (xAI)
  • Spectroscopy software
  • Mistral AI (chat/models)
  • Criss Software XRF11
  • Formula translation/translator FORTRAN
  • Systat Software SigmaPlot
  • MySQL
  • COMSOL Multiphysics
  • Ploticus
  • Microsoft Excel
  • Microsoft Windows
  • Claude (Anthropic)
  • Mistral (Mistral AI)
  • RibbonSoft QCad
  • Pascal
  • VMware
  • Python
  • Linux
  • Gnuplot
  • Microsoft Visual Basic
  • Consensus
  • National Instruments LabVIEW
  • Microsoft Word
  • Llama (Meta)
  • Autodesk AutoCAD
  • xv
  • Qwen (Alibaba)
  • Perplexity AI
  • UNIX
  • Aptech Systems GAUSS
  • Adobe Audition
  • Vector Fields OPERA-3d
  • RSI interactive data language IDL software
  • Scite AI
  • ChatGPT (OpenAI)
  • Scribus
  • Statistical software
  • Ansible software
  • C
  • Xfig
  • Software development tools
  • Git
  • Radiation dose calculation software
  • Microsoft Office software
  • Microsoft PowerPoint
  • Microsoft Azure software
  • Kimi (Moonshot AI)
  • Elicit
  • Extensible markup language XML
  • CERN Physics Analysis Workstation PAW
  • Gemini for Workspace
  • Structured query language SQL
  • Synergy Software KaleidaGraph
  • C++
  • Microsoft Visual Studio
  • NotebookLM (Google)
  • Enterprise resource planning ERP system
  • REDUCE
  • GNU Image Manipulation Program GIMP
  • Microsoft Access
  • Database application software
  • SciGraphica
  • The MathWorks MATLAB
  • OriginLab Origin
  • Video analysis software
  • GNU Octave
  • Microsoft Visual J++
  • OpenStack
  • Puppet
  • Perl
  • Spectral Dynamics STAR
  • Maplesoft Maple
  • Experimental Physics and Industrial Control System EPICS
  • Eclipse IDE
  • Amazon Web Services AWS software
  • SQLite
  • Dose modeling software
  • Lenox Softworks VideoPoint
  • Wolfram Research Mathematica
  • Nova (Amazon)
  • Adobe Photoshop
  • Oracle Java
  • Oracle Database
  • JavaScript
  • Canu
  • Semantic Scholar AI
  • Sun Microsystems Java
  • Gemini (Google)
  • CERN ROOT
  • Optical beamsplitting devices
  • Gamma ray spectrometers
  • Laboratory tube furnaces
  • High vacuum equipment
  • Atomic emission detectors AED
  • Gas chromatography equipment
  • Argon ion lasers
  • Cavity dumpers or drivers
  • Magnetic resonance imaging MRI systems
  • Interferometers
  • Signal generators
  • Digital sound level meters
  • Prism spectrometers
  • Vibration exciters
  • Programmable phase modulators
  • Analog sound level meters
  • Spectrum analyzers
  • High-energy accelerators
  • Nanovoltmeters
  • Diffusion pumps
  • Charge-coupled device CCD cameras
  • Cryostats
  • Pistonphones
  • Photodetectors
  • High-resolution semiconductor detectors
  • Digital plotters
  • Optical detectors
  • Scanning monochromators
  • Big G torsion balances
  • X ray crystallography equipment
  • Double monochromators
  • Liquid helium level sensors
  • Surface profilometers
  • Safety goggles
  • Pulsed nitrogen lasers
  • Visible spectrometers
  • Zeeman split lasers
  • Two-channel fast Fourier transform FFT analyzers
  • Spectrophotometers
  • Magnetic force microscopes
  • Neutron detectors
  • Function generators
  • Thermoluminescent dosimeters
  • Helium refrigerators
  • Linear accelerators
  • Laser power meters
  • Atomic force microscopes
  • Vibrating sample magnetometers
  • Digital multimeters
  • Electron microscopes
  • Grating monochromators
  • Scanning electron microscopes SEM
  • Fourier transform infrared FTIR spectrometers
  • Digital voltmeters DVM
  • Transmission electron microscopes TEM
  • Laboratory centrifugal pumps
  • Positive ion accelerators
  • Digital oscilloscopes
  • High-speed video cameras
  • Gaussmeters
  • Isotope ratio mass spectrometers
  • Betatrons
  • Two-channel dynamic signal analyzers
  • Capacitance bridges
  • Atomic absorption AA spectrometers
  • Nuclear magnetic resonance NMR spectroscopes
  • Monochromators
  • Optical tables
  • Particle counters
  • Photon counting systems
  • Mickelson interferometers
  • Sound intensity probes
  • Turbo-pumped vacuum systems
  • Analog frequency analyzers
  • Diffusion-pumped vacuum systems
  • Analytical balances
  • Multiple diode lasers
  • Accelerometers
  • Mass spectrometers
  • Portable fast Fourier transform FFT analyzers
  • Personal computers
  • X ray photoemission spectrometers
  • Leak detection equipment
  • Power amplifiers
  • Single frequency dye lasers
  • High intensity UV sources
  • Ionization chambers
  • Friction-force microscopes
  • Vernier force sensors
  • Conditioning amplifiers
  • Gas chromatography GC injectors
  • Annealing furnaces
  • Scanning tunneling microscopes STM
  • Optical choppers
  • Photometer
  • Two-channel network analyzers
  • Laptop computers
  • Cyclotrons
  • Galvanostats
  • High-resolution spectrometers
  • Arbitrary function generators
  • Measuring microscopes
  • Desktop computers
  • Vacuum stations
  • Light scattering devices
  • Headspace autosamplers
  • Pinhole filters
  • Geiger-Muller counters
  • Microwave interferometers
  • Radiation detecting film badges
  • Diode lasers
  • Laboratory box furnaces
  • Optical tweezers
  • Helium lasers
  • Laboratory electromagnets
  • Semiconductor parameter analyzers
  • Telescopes
  • Spring scales
  • Radiofrequency RF generators
  • Computed tomography CT scanners
  • Scintillation probes

Alternative Job Titles