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Automation Risk Analysis

Will “Physicist” be Automated?

Historical Context: Oxford Study (2013)

Ranked #175 of 702. Estimated risk: 10.0%

Directly assessed by researchers as unlikely to be automatable
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AI Exposure Risk

60%

“Physicist” will maybe be replaced by AI.

Based on the cognitive demands, communication requirements, and logical reasoning intrinsic to this occupation according to O*NET data, we project a 60% probability of disruption by generative AI and Large Language Models.

Automation & Robot Risk

28%

“Physicist” will almost certainly not be replaced by robots.

Evaluating the physical dexterity, repetitive motion tasks, and manual labor associated with this role, our analysis indicates a 28% likelihood of substitution by advanced robotics systems.

Personal & Financial Insights

Every occupation has a unique profile. For Physicists, the Bureau of Labor Statistics and O*NET classify the day-to-day work broadly as: Conduct research into physical phenomena, develop theories on the basis of observation and experiments, and devise methods to apply physical laws and theories.

Avg. Annual Salary $166,000
Avg. Hourly Wage $79.81
Available Jobs (US) 21,340
Job Title & Hierarchy Code (SOC) Physicists #19-2012
Wage vs. National Median
ℹ️

Data is based on the reference occupation: “Physicists”

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Related Occupations & Automation Risk

Economists

AI Risk 63%
Robot Risk 15%

Biochemists and Biophysicists

AI Risk 62%
Robot Risk 47%

Industrial Ecologists

AI Risk 61%
Robot Risk 23%

Geographers

AI Risk 61%
Robot Risk 28%

Environmental Economists

AI Risk 61%
Robot Risk 18%

Atmospheric and Space Scientists

AI Risk 61%
Robot Risk 28%

Core Skills & Abilities

  • Describe and express observations and conclusions in mathematical terms.

  • Analyze data from research conducted to detect and measure physical phenomena.

  • Perform complex calculations as part of the analysis and evaluation of data, using computers.

  • Collaborate with other scientists in the design, development, and testing of experimental, industrial, or medical equipment, instrumentation, and procedures.

  • Observe the structure and properties of matter, and the transformation and propagation of energy, using equipment such as masers, lasers, and telescopes, to explore and identify the basic principles governing these phenomena.

  • Develop theories and laws on the basis of observation and experiments, and apply these theories and laws to problems in areas such as nuclear energy, optics, and aerospace technology.

  • Write research proposals to receive funding.

  • Design computer simulations to model physical data so that it can be better understood.

  • Teach physics to students.

  • Report experimental results by writing papers for scientific journals or by presenting information at scientific conferences.

Technologies & Software

  • Gemini (Google)
  • NotebookLM (Google)
  • OpenStack
  • Experimental Physics and Industrial Control System EPICS
  • Autodesk AutoCAD
  • Microsoft Excel
  • Microsoft Access
  • RibbonSoft QCad
  • Nova (Amazon)
  • The MathWorks MATLAB
  • Perplexity AI
  • Microsoft Azure software
  • MySQL
  • Structured query language SQL
  • GNU Octave
  • Linux
  • C++
  • Gnuplot
  • Microsoft Visual Studio
  • UNIX
  • SciGraphica
  • Llama (Meta)
  • Elicit
  • JavaScript
  • Vector Fields OPERA-3d
  • REDUCE
  • Xfig
  • Amazon Web Services AWS software
  • Mathsoft Mathcad
  • Video analysis software
  • Canu
  • SQLite
  • Semantic Scholar AI
  • ChatGPT (OpenAI)
  • Gemini for Workspace
  • Spectroscopy software
  • xv
  • Dose modeling software
  • National Instruments LabVIEW
  • Claude (Anthropic)
  • Microsoft Office software
  • Microsoft PowerPoint
  • Pascal
  • Adobe Audition
  • Sun Microsystems Java
  • Qwen (Alibaba)
  • DeepSeek
  • Enterprise resource planning ERP system
  • SciLab
  • Adobe Photoshop
  • Git
  • Microsoft Word
  • Oracle Database
  • RSI interactive data language IDL software
  • Microsoft Windows
  • Python
  • Statistical software
  • Scribus
  • Criss Software XRF11
  • Scite AI
  • Radiation dose calculation software
  • Grok (xAI)
  • Spectral Dynamics STAR
  • Lenox Softworks VideoPoint
  • Aptech Systems GAUSS
  • Extensible markup language XML
  • Wolfram Research Mathematica
  • Perl
  • Puppet
  • Kimi (Moonshot AI)
  • Ploticus
  • Maplesoft Maple
  • Microsoft Visual J++
  • Mistral (Mistral AI)
  • Formula translation/translator FORTRAN
  • Software development tools
  • Microsoft Visual Basic
  • COMSOL Multiphysics
  • Ansible software
  • OriginLab Origin
  • Database application software
  • Systat Software SigmaPlot
  • Eclipse IDE
  • CERN ROOT
  • Oracle Java
  • VMware
  • C
  • GNU Image Manipulation Program GIMP
  • Mistral AI (chat/models)
  • Consensus
  • Synergy Software KaleidaGraph
  • CERN Physics Analysis Workstation PAW
  • Portable fast Fourier transform FFT analyzers
  • Laser power meters
  • Vacuum stations
  • High-energy accelerators
  • Digital voltmeters DVM
  • Digital plotters
  • Scanning tunneling microscopes STM
  • Signal generators
  • Gaussmeters
  • Mickelson interferometers
  • Prism spectrometers
  • Power amplifiers
  • Nanovoltmeters
  • Optical detectors
  • Vernier force sensors
  • Diode lasers
  • Atomic absorption AA spectrometers
  • Zeeman split lasers
  • Sound intensity probes
  • Safety goggles
  • Two-channel network analyzers
  • Surface profilometers
  • Photodetectors
  • Charge-coupled device CCD cameras
  • Diffusion pumps
  • Vibration exciters
  • Argon ion lasers
  • Electron microscopes
  • Headspace autosamplers
  • Spectrum analyzers
  • Accelerometers
  • Single frequency dye lasers
  • Two-channel fast Fourier transform FFT analyzers
  • Positive ion accelerators
  • High-speed video cameras
  • Desktop computers
  • Scintillation probes
  • Cavity dumpers or drivers
  • Magnetic force microscopes
  • Photometer
  • Conditioning amplifiers
  • Pinhole filters
  • Telescopes
  • Annealing furnaces
  • Optical tweezers
  • Laptop computers
  • Mass spectrometers
  • Spectrophotometers
  • Optical beamsplitting devices
  • Linear accelerators
  • Gamma ray spectrometers
  • X ray photoemission spectrometers
  • Atomic emission detectors AED
  • Transmission electron microscopes TEM
  • Laboratory centrifugal pumps
  • Digital sound level meters
  • Capacitance bridges
  • Multiple diode lasers
  • Helium lasers
  • Big G torsion balances
  • Atomic force microscopes
  • Photon counting systems
  • Digital oscilloscopes
  • Vibrating sample magnetometers
  • Particle counters
  • Radiofrequency RF generators
  • Digital multimeters
  • Leak detection equipment
  • Grating monochromators
  • Friction-force microscopes
  • Function generators
  • Scanning electron microscopes SEM
  • Nuclear magnetic resonance NMR spectroscopes
  • Betatrons
  • Programmable phase modulators
  • Arbitrary function generators
  • Semiconductor parameter analyzers
  • Interferometers
  • Isotope ratio mass spectrometers
  • Analytical balances
  • Fourier transform infrared FTIR spectrometers
  • Turbo-pumped vacuum systems
  • Gas chromatography GC injectors
  • Double monochromators
  • Gas chromatography equipment
  • Light scattering devices
  • Analog frequency analyzers
  • Geiger-Muller counters
  • Neutron detectors
  • High-resolution semiconductor detectors
  • Helium refrigerators
  • Laboratory electromagnets
  • Visible spectrometers
  • Scanning monochromators
  • Cyclotrons
  • Diffusion-pumped vacuum systems
  • Radiation detecting film badges
  • Galvanostats
  • Personal computers
  • Laboratory tube furnaces
  • X ray crystallography equipment
  • Magnetic resonance imaging MRI systems
  • Pulsed nitrogen lasers
  • High-resolution spectrometers
  • Liquid helium level sensors
  • Optical tables
  • Analog sound level meters
  • Spring scales
  • Two-channel dynamic signal analyzers
  • Microwave interferometers
  • High vacuum equipment
  • Monochromators
  • High intensity UV sources
  • Cryostats
  • Laboratory box furnaces
  • Ionization chambers
  • Measuring microscopes
  • Optical choppers
  • Pistonphones
  • Computed tomography CT scanners
  • Thermoluminescent dosimeters

Alternative Job Titles