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Automation Risk Analysis

Will “Physicist” be Automated?

Historical Context: Oxford Study (2013)

Ranked #175 of 702. Estimated risk: 10.0%

Directly assessed by researchers as unlikely to be automatable
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AI Exposure Risk

60%

“Physicist” will maybe be replaced by AI.

Based on the cognitive demands, communication requirements, and logical reasoning intrinsic to this occupation according to O*NET data, we project a 60% probability of disruption by generative AI and Large Language Models.

Automation & Robot Risk

28%

“Physicist” will almost certainly not be replaced by robots.

Evaluating the physical dexterity, repetitive motion tasks, and manual labor associated with this role, our analysis indicates a 28% likelihood of substitution by advanced robotics systems.

Personal & Financial Insights

Every occupation has a unique profile. For Physicists, the Bureau of Labor Statistics and O*NET classify the day-to-day work broadly as: Conduct research into physical phenomena, develop theories on the basis of observation and experiments, and devise methods to apply physical laws and theories.

Avg. Annual Salary $166,000
Avg. Hourly Wage $79.81
Available Jobs (US) 21,340
Job Title & Hierarchy Code (SOC) Physicists #19-2012
Wage vs. National Median
ℹ️

Data is based on the reference occupation: “Physicists”

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Related Occupations & Automation Risk

Economists

AI Risk 63%
Robot Risk 15%

Biochemists and Biophysicists

AI Risk 62%
Robot Risk 47%

Industrial Ecologists

AI Risk 61%
Robot Risk 23%

Geographers

AI Risk 61%
Robot Risk 28%

Environmental Economists

AI Risk 61%
Robot Risk 18%

Atmospheric and Space Scientists

AI Risk 61%
Robot Risk 28%

Core Skills & Abilities

  • Perform complex calculations as part of the analysis and evaluation of data, using computers.

  • Observe the structure and properties of matter, and the transformation and propagation of energy, using equipment such as masers, lasers, and telescopes, to explore and identify the basic principles governing these phenomena.

  • Write research proposals to receive funding.

  • Teach physics to students.

  • Describe and express observations and conclusions in mathematical terms.

  • Report experimental results by writing papers for scientific journals or by presenting information at scientific conferences.

  • Design computer simulations to model physical data so that it can be better understood.

  • Analyze data from research conducted to detect and measure physical phenomena.

  • Develop theories and laws on the basis of observation and experiments, and apply these theories and laws to problems in areas such as nuclear energy, optics, and aerospace technology.

  • Collaborate with other scientists in the design, development, and testing of experimental, industrial, or medical equipment, instrumentation, and procedures.

Technologies & Software

  • Enterprise resource planning ERP system
  • Autodesk AutoCAD
  • Experimental Physics and Industrial Control System EPICS
  • Mistral AI (chat/models)
  • Gnuplot
  • Amazon Web Services AWS software
  • GNU Octave
  • Criss Software XRF11
  • Microsoft Word
  • NotebookLM (Google)
  • Formula translation/translator FORTRAN
  • SciGraphica
  • C
  • Canu
  • OriginLab Origin
  • Sun Microsystems Java
  • Xfig
  • DeepSeek
  • Structured query language SQL
  • RSI interactive data language IDL software
  • Grok (xAI)
  • Dose modeling software
  • REDUCE
  • CERN ROOT
  • C++
  • Scite AI
  • Git
  • Extensible markup language XML
  • Perplexity AI
  • National Instruments LabVIEW
  • Wolfram Research Mathematica
  • Oracle Database
  • Python
  • xv
  • Microsoft Office software
  • Maplesoft Maple
  • Microsoft Access
  • Perl
  • Microsoft Visual Studio
  • Consensus
  • Adobe Photoshop
  • VMware
  • Vector Fields OPERA-3d
  • Ploticus
  • GNU Image Manipulation Program GIMP
  • Microsoft Azure software
  • Spectroscopy software
  • Software development tools
  • Linux
  • Aptech Systems GAUSS
  • Kimi (Moonshot AI)
  • Llama (Meta)
  • Mathsoft Mathcad
  • Scribus
  • Spectral Dynamics STAR
  • Microsoft Excel
  • Database application software
  • SQLite
  • SciLab
  • ChatGPT (OpenAI)
  • COMSOL Multiphysics
  • Ansible software
  • RibbonSoft QCad
  • Microsoft Windows
  • Microsoft PowerPoint
  • UNIX
  • Puppet
  • Pascal
  • Adobe Audition
  • JavaScript
  • CERN Physics Analysis Workstation PAW
  • Video analysis software
  • Nova (Amazon)
  • Lenox Softworks VideoPoint
  • Semantic Scholar AI
  • Mistral (Mistral AI)
  • OpenStack
  • Elicit
  • Oracle Java
  • Eclipse IDE
  • Systat Software SigmaPlot
  • Gemini for Workspace
  • Statistical software
  • The MathWorks MATLAB
  • Radiation dose calculation software
  • Microsoft Visual J++
  • MySQL
  • Synergy Software KaleidaGraph
  • Qwen (Alibaba)
  • Claude (Anthropic)
  • Microsoft Visual Basic
  • Gemini (Google)
  • Thermoluminescent dosimeters
  • Laboratory electromagnets
  • Ionization chambers
  • Fourier transform infrared FTIR spectrometers
  • Analog sound level meters
  • Scanning tunneling microscopes STM
  • High-resolution semiconductor detectors
  • Two-channel network analyzers
  • Monochromators
  • Headspace autosamplers
  • Function generators
  • Positive ion accelerators
  • Telescopes
  • Turbo-pumped vacuum systems
  • Helium lasers
  • Personal computers
  • High-resolution spectrometers
  • Atomic force microscopes
  • Digital plotters
  • Photometer
  • Digital oscilloscopes
  • Zeeman split lasers
  • Isotope ratio mass spectrometers
  • Spring scales
  • Light scattering devices
  • Visible spectrometers
  • Pulsed nitrogen lasers
  • Single frequency dye lasers
  • Scanning electron microscopes SEM
  • Computed tomography CT scanners
  • Programmable phase modulators
  • Optical beamsplitting devices
  • Magnetic resonance imaging MRI systems
  • Nanovoltmeters
  • Laboratory tube furnaces
  • Photon counting systems
  • Vibration exciters
  • X ray photoemission spectrometers
  • Leak detection equipment
  • Gamma ray spectrometers
  • Laboratory centrifugal pumps
  • Prism spectrometers
  • Interferometers
  • Cryostats
  • Vibrating sample magnetometers
  • Scanning monochromators
  • High-energy accelerators
  • Digital voltmeters DVM
  • Magnetic force microscopes
  • Digital sound level meters
  • Analog frequency analyzers
  • Laptop computers
  • High vacuum equipment
  • Capacitance bridges
  • Surface profilometers
  • Vernier force sensors
  • Neutron detectors
  • Sound intensity probes
  • Galvanostats
  • Betatrons
  • Transmission electron microscopes TEM
  • Nuclear magnetic resonance NMR spectroscopes
  • Friction-force microscopes
  • Charge-coupled device CCD cameras
  • Measuring microscopes
  • Liquid helium level sensors
  • Microwave interferometers
  • Geiger-Muller counters
  • Multiple diode lasers
  • Desktop computers
  • Optical detectors
  • Safety goggles
  • X ray crystallography equipment
  • Laser power meters
  • Arbitrary function generators
  • Optical tables
  • Argon ion lasers
  • Accelerometers
  • Particle counters
  • Vacuum stations
  • Conditioning amplifiers
  • Big G torsion balances
  • Photodetectors
  • Signal generators
  • Cavity dumpers or drivers
  • Diffusion-pumped vacuum systems
  • Atomic absorption AA spectrometers
  • Two-channel dynamic signal analyzers
  • Spectrum analyzers
  • Laboratory box furnaces
  • Pinhole filters
  • Mickelson interferometers
  • Diode lasers
  • Double monochromators
  • Radiation detecting film badges
  • Digital multimeters
  • Gaussmeters
  • Scintillation probes
  • Grating monochromators
  • Linear accelerators
  • Power amplifiers
  • Electron microscopes
  • Semiconductor parameter analyzers
  • Optical choppers
  • Pistonphones
  • High intensity UV sources
  • Two-channel fast Fourier transform FFT analyzers
  • Portable fast Fourier transform FFT analyzers
  • Radiofrequency RF generators
  • Gas chromatography equipment
  • Mass spectrometers
  • Spectrophotometers
  • Helium refrigerators
  • Optical tweezers
  • Cyclotrons
  • Atomic emission detectors AED
  • Diffusion pumps
  • Gas chromatography GC injectors
  • High-speed video cameras
  • Annealing furnaces
  • Analytical balances

Alternative Job Titles