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Automation Risk Analysis

Will “HVAC-R Service Tech (Heating, Ventilation, Air Conditioning, and Refrigeration Service Technician)” be Automated?

Historical Context: Oxford Study (2013)

Ranked #362 of 702. Estimated risk: 65.0%

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AI Exposure Risk

37%

“HVAC-R Service Tech (Heating, Ventilation, Air Conditioning, and Refrigeration Service Technician)” will probably not be replaced by AI.

Based on the cognitive demands, communication requirements, and logical reasoning intrinsic to this occupation according to O*NET data, we project a 37% probability of disruption by generative AI and Large Language Models.

Automation & Robot Risk

54%

“HVAC-R Service Tech (Heating, Ventilation, Air Conditioning, and Refrigeration Service Technician)” will maybe be replaced by robots.

Evaluating the physical dexterity, repetitive motion tasks, and manual labor associated with this role, our analysis indicates a 54% likelihood of substitution by advanced robotics systems.

Personal & Financial Insights

Every occupation has a unique profile. For Heating, Air Conditioning, and Refrigeration Mechanics and Installers, the Bureau of Labor Statistics and O*NET classify the day-to-day work broadly as: Install or repair heating, central air conditioning, HVAC, or refrigeration systems, including oil burners, hot-air furnaces, and heating stoves.

Avg. Annual Salary $62,690
Avg. Hourly Wage $30.14
Available Jobs (US) 396,870
Job Title & Hierarchy Code (SOC) Heating, Air Conditioning, and Refrigeration Mechanics and Installers #49-9021
Wage vs. National Median
ℹ️

Data is based on the reference occupation: “Heating, Air Conditioning, and Refrigeration Mechanics and Installers”

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Core Skills & Abilities

  • Lay out reference points for installation of structural and functional components, using measuring instruments.

  • Install expansion and control valves, using acetylene torches and wrenches.

  • Study blueprints, design specifications, or manufacturers' recommendations to ascertain the configuration of heating or cooling equipment components and to ensure the proper installation of components.

  • Lift and align components into position, using hoist or block and tackle.

  • Install, connect, or adjust thermostats, humidistats, or timers.

  • Install dehumidifiers or related equipment for spaces that require cool, dry air to operate efficiently, such as computer rooms.

  • Estimate, order, pick up, deliver, and install materials and supplies needed to maintain equipment in good working condition.

  • Install or repair air purification systems, such as specialized filters or ultraviolet (UV) light purification systems.

  • Comply with all applicable standards, policies, or procedures, such as safety procedures or the maintenance of a clean work area.

  • Repair or replace defective equipment, components, or wiring.

  • Test pipes, lines, components, and connections for leaks.

  • Supervise and instruct assistants.

  • Record and report time, materials, faults, deficiencies, or other unusual occurrences on work orders.

  • Measure, cut, thread, or bend pipe or tubing, using pipe fitter's tools.

  • Mount compressor, condenser, and other components in specified locations on frames, using hand tools and acetylene welding equipment.

  • Install auxiliary components to heating or cooling equipment, such as expansion or discharge valves, air ducts, pipes, blowers, dampers, flues, or stokers.

  • Cut or drill holes in floors, walls, or roof to install equipment, using power saws or drills.

  • Adjust system controls to settings recommended by manufacturer to balance system.

  • Connect heating or air conditioning equipment to fuel, water, or refrigerant source to form complete circuit.

  • Schedule work with customers and initiate work orders, house requisitions, and orders from stock.

  • Repair or service heating, ventilating, and air conditioning (HVAC) systems to improve efficiency, such as by changing filters, cleaning ducts, and refilling non-toxic refrigerants.

  • Discuss heating or cooling system malfunctions with users to isolate problems or to verify that repairs corrected malfunctions.

  • Braze or solder parts to repair defective joints and leaks.

  • Inspect and test systems to verify system compliance with plans and specifications or to detect and locate malfunctions.

  • Lay out and connect electrical wiring between controls and equipment, according to wiring diagrams, using electrician's hand tools.

  • Perform mechanical overhauls and refrigerant reclaiming.

  • Recommend, develop, or perform preventive or general maintenance procedures, such as cleaning, power-washing, or vacuuming equipment, oiling parts, or changing filters.

  • Test electrical circuits or components for continuity, using electrical test equipment.

  • Install or repair self-contained ground source heat pumps or hybrid ground or air source heat pumps to minimize carbon-based energy consumption and reduce carbon emissions.

  • Keep records of repairs and replacements made and causes of malfunctions.

Technologies & Software

  • Microsoft Word
  • IBM Notes
  • Database software
  • Delta Controls inteliWEB
  • Spreadsheet software
  • Adobe Acrobat
  • Computer aided design CAD software
  • Perplexity AI
  • ManagerPlus
  • Augury (Predictive Maintenance)
  • Uptake AI
  • ServiceMax AI
  • Autodesk AutoCAD
  • Honeywell WEBs-N4
  • Johnson Controls Metasys
  • Internet browser software
  • Contact management systems
  • Computerized maintenance management system CMMS
  • SAP software
  • Building automation software
  • Data logging software
  • Siemens APOGEE Building Automation Software
  • Microsoft PowerPoint
  • Facility energy management software
  • Microsoft Office software
  • Alerton Ascent Compass
  • Graphics software
  • Cworks CMMS
  • IBM Maximo Asset Management
  • Microsoft Exchange
  • Atlas Construction Business Forms
  • ChatGPT (OpenAI)
  • HVAC tools software
  • Microsoft Outlook
  • Microsoft Excel
  • Staging winches
  • Shackles
  • Contaminant content tests
  • Bourdon tubes
  • Wattmeters
  • Torque wrenches
  • Scrapers
  • Telescoping boom trucks
  • Crowbars
  • Personal computers
  • Temperature simulators
  • Phillips head screwdrivers
  • Shears
  • Vacuum gauges
  • Inspection mirrors
  • Ladders
  • Autoranging meters
  • Hand seamers
  • Laptop computers
  • Combustion analyzers
  • Hammers
  • Resistance temperature detectors
  • Charging manifolds
  • Side cutting pliers
  • Soft face hammers
  • Power drills
  • Jig saws
  • Material alignment jigs
  • Nut drivers
  • Pullers
  • Platform lifts
  • Volt-ohm meters VOM
  • Air velocity meters
  • Metal snips
  • Humidity simulators
  • Ground fault circuit interrupter GFCI testers
  • Transit levels
  • Screwdrivers
  • Duct slicers
  • Levels
  • High-voltage probes
  • Pressure gauges
  • Pipe dies
  • Duct vacuums
  • Multimeters
  • Potentiometers
  • Dial indicators
  • Portable refractometers
  • Refrigerant pressure meters
  • Strap wrenches
  • Bubble levels
  • Slotted screwdrivers
  • Hand sprayers
  • Litmus papers
  • Laser levels
  • Infrared thermography cameras and display units
  • Carbon monoxide evaluators
  • Rulers
  • Claw hammers
  • Temperature gauges
  • Receptacle testers
  • Compound gauges
  • Water levels
  • Pressure simulators
  • Capacitance testers
  • Soldering equipment
  • Industrial vacuums
  • Flaring tools
  • Caulking equipment
  • Soldering irons
  • Water pressure gauges
  • Circuit analyzers
  • Flared tip screwdrivers
  • 4-wire resistance sensors
  • Scale rules
  • Tachometers
  • Voltmeters
  • Transfer pumps
  • Drill bit sets
  • Soldering guns
  • Awls
  • Tinners hammers
  • Micron gauges
  • Open end wrenches
  • Swaging tools
  • Dataloggers
  • Air volume test equipment
  • Fall arrest lines
  • Turbine flow meters
  • Fin combs
  • Power grinders
  • Phase rotation meters
  • Two way radios
  • Moisture meters
  • Tap sets
  • Service manifold sets
  • Chalk lines
  • Valve wrenches
  • Anemometers
  • Welding hoods
  • Fish tapes
  • Pipe benders
  • Scribers
  • Diagonal cutting pliers
  • Conduit benders
  • Punches
  • Gas pressure gauges
  • Groove pliers
  • Labeling machines
  • Safety harnesses
  • Velometers
  • Water flow meters
  • Pipe wrenches
  • Smoke pens
  • Resistance meters
  • Wet bulb/dew point meters
  • Vibration analyis equipment
  • Cordless drills
  • Chart recorders
  • Cold chisels
  • Draft gauges
  • Water temperature gauges
  • Hole saws
  • Micrometers
  • Temperature/humidity testers
  • pH meters
  • Straightedges
  • Circuit tracers
  • Electrical current meters
  • Brazing equipment
  • Glue guns
  • Duct knives
  • Screw extractor sets
  • Hygrosticks
  • Staging equipment
  • Oil guns
  • Adjustable widemouth pliers
  • Ohmmeters
  • Plotters
  • Duplex pressure gauges
  • Magnehelic gauges
  • Safety glasses
  • Wire strippers
  • Hoists
  • Lug crimping tool dies
  • Pipe clamp thermocouples
  • Programmable logic controllers PLC
  • Refrigerant leak detectors
  • Recovery and recycle units
  • Differential pressure detectors
  • Magnetic pickup tools
  • Calipers
  • Spectrometers
  • Refrigerant oil pumps
  • Image scanners
  • Sheet metal crimpers
  • Milliammeters
  • Smoke testers
  • Computer diagnostic devices
  • Alternating current AC line splitters
  • Strobe tachometers
  • Revolutions per minute RPM meters
  • Air flow hoods
  • Thermocouple testers
  • Box cutters
  • Venturi meters
  • Slings
  • Belt tension indicators
  • Tin snips
  • Tubing benders
  • Carbon monoxide detectors
  • Long nose pliers
  • Manometers
  • Current simulators
  • Infrared thermometers
  • Allen wrenches
  • Ammeters
  • Bead type thermocouples
  • Riggings
  • Clamp-on multimeters
  • Milliamp/microamp meters
  • Hand hacksaws
  • Mechanical stethoscopes
  • Reclaiming equipment
  • Hot wire anemometers
  • Safety goggles
  • Squares
  • Caulking guns
  • Oxygen testers
  • Flowmeters
  • Capacitor analyzers
  • Tube cutters
  • Safety belts
  • Combustible gas leak detectors
  • Socket wrench sets
  • Circular saws
  • Water level meters
  • Feeler gauges
  • Carbon dioxide CO2 testers
  • Hand trucks
  • Heating ventilation and air-conditioning/refrigeration HVAC/R clamp meters
  • Bandsaws
  • Laser printers
  • Non-contact surface temperature heads
  • Precision levels
  • Hand drills
  • Pipe cutters
  • Tongs
  • Utility knives
  • Watt transducers
  • Reamers
  • Air compressors
  • Air flow sensors
  • Wire cutters
  • Hold down clamps
  • Power saws
  • Smoke detector canisters
  • Pitot tubes
  • Forklifts
  • Desktop computers
  • Electrical frequency indicators
  • Electric drills
  • Tape measures
  • Black lights
  • Adjustable wrenches
  • Wire brushes
  • Charging cylinders
  • Portable drills
  • Non-contact voltage detectors
  • Refrigerant vacuum pumps
  • Drill presses
  • Acetylene torches
  • Insulation knives
  • Power hacksaws
  • Megohmmeters
  • Respirators
  • Humidity sensors
  • Pipe reamers
  • Hacksaws
  • Water testers
  • Power washers
  • Handheld thermometers
  • Vernier calipers
  • Knockout punches
  • Vacuum pumps
  • Hex wrenches
  • Reciprocating saws
  • Grease guns
  • Voltage simulators
  • Thermocouples
  • Jacks
  • Decibel meters
  • Pipe threaders
  • Milliohm meters
  • Bolt cutters
  • Scaffolding
  • Psychrometers
  • Refrigerant recovery machines
  • Pneumatic air gauges

Alternative Job Titles