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Automation Risk Analysis

Will “HVAC-R Service Tech (Heating, Ventilation, Air Conditioning, and Refrigeration Service Technician)” be Automated?

Historical Context: Oxford Study (2013)

Ranked #362 of 702. Estimated risk: 65.0%

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AI Exposure Risk

37%

“HVAC-R Service Tech (Heating, Ventilation, Air Conditioning, and Refrigeration Service Technician)” will probably not be replaced by AI.

Based on the cognitive demands, communication requirements, and logical reasoning intrinsic to this occupation according to O*NET data, we project a 37% probability of disruption by generative AI and Large Language Models.

Automation & Robot Risk

54%

“HVAC-R Service Tech (Heating, Ventilation, Air Conditioning, and Refrigeration Service Technician)” will maybe be replaced by robots.

Evaluating the physical dexterity, repetitive motion tasks, and manual labor associated with this role, our analysis indicates a 54% likelihood of substitution by advanced robotics systems.

Personal & Financial Insights

Every occupation has a unique profile. For Heating, Air Conditioning, and Refrigeration Mechanics and Installers, the Bureau of Labor Statistics and O*NET classify the day-to-day work broadly as: Install or repair heating, central air conditioning, HVAC, or refrigeration systems, including oil burners, hot-air furnaces, and heating stoves.

Avg. Annual Salary $62,690
Avg. Hourly Wage $30.14
Available Jobs (US) 396,870
Job Title & Hierarchy Code (SOC) Heating, Air Conditioning, and Refrigeration Mechanics and Installers #49-9021
Wage vs. National Median
ℹ️

Data is based on the reference occupation: “Heating, Air Conditioning, and Refrigeration Mechanics and Installers”

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Core Skills & Abilities

  • Connect heating or air conditioning equipment to fuel, water, or refrigerant source to form complete circuit.

  • Comply with all applicable standards, policies, or procedures, such as safety procedures or the maintenance of a clean work area.

  • Mount compressor, condenser, and other components in specified locations on frames, using hand tools and acetylene welding equipment.

  • Install or repair self-contained ground source heat pumps or hybrid ground or air source heat pumps to minimize carbon-based energy consumption and reduce carbon emissions.

  • Recommend, develop, or perform preventive or general maintenance procedures, such as cleaning, power-washing, or vacuuming equipment, oiling parts, or changing filters.

  • Schedule work with customers and initiate work orders, house requisitions, and orders from stock.

  • Lay out and connect electrical wiring between controls and equipment, according to wiring diagrams, using electrician's hand tools.

  • Supervise and instruct assistants.

  • Test electrical circuits or components for continuity, using electrical test equipment.

  • Lift and align components into position, using hoist or block and tackle.

  • Braze or solder parts to repair defective joints and leaks.

  • Inspect and test systems to verify system compliance with plans and specifications or to detect and locate malfunctions.

  • Estimate, order, pick up, deliver, and install materials and supplies needed to maintain equipment in good working condition.

  • Repair or service heating, ventilating, and air conditioning (HVAC) systems to improve efficiency, such as by changing filters, cleaning ducts, and refilling non-toxic refrigerants.

  • Discuss heating or cooling system malfunctions with users to isolate problems or to verify that repairs corrected malfunctions.

  • Study blueprints, design specifications, or manufacturers' recommendations to ascertain the configuration of heating or cooling equipment components and to ensure the proper installation of components.

  • Measure, cut, thread, or bend pipe or tubing, using pipe fitter's tools.

  • Install or repair air purification systems, such as specialized filters or ultraviolet (UV) light purification systems.

  • Install expansion and control valves, using acetylene torches and wrenches.

  • Repair or replace defective equipment, components, or wiring.

  • Install, connect, or adjust thermostats, humidistats, or timers.

  • Perform mechanical overhauls and refrigerant reclaiming.

  • Install dehumidifiers or related equipment for spaces that require cool, dry air to operate efficiently, such as computer rooms.

  • Adjust system controls to settings recommended by manufacturer to balance system.

  • Keep records of repairs and replacements made and causes of malfunctions.

  • Cut or drill holes in floors, walls, or roof to install equipment, using power saws or drills.

  • Test pipes, lines, components, and connections for leaks.

  • Install auxiliary components to heating or cooling equipment, such as expansion or discharge valves, air ducts, pipes, blowers, dampers, flues, or stokers.

  • Record and report time, materials, faults, deficiencies, or other unusual occurrences on work orders.

  • Lay out reference points for installation of structural and functional components, using measuring instruments.

Technologies & Software

  • Honeywell WEBs-N4
  • Spreadsheet software
  • SAP software
  • Computer aided design CAD software
  • HVAC tools software
  • Autodesk AutoCAD
  • ChatGPT (OpenAI)
  • Microsoft Word
  • Cworks CMMS
  • Building automation software
  • Microsoft Outlook
  • Johnson Controls Metasys
  • Atlas Construction Business Forms
  • Adobe Acrobat
  • Computerized maintenance management system CMMS
  • ManagerPlus
  • Uptake AI
  • Microsoft PowerPoint
  • Alerton Ascent Compass
  • Data logging software
  • Perplexity AI
  • Contact management systems
  • ServiceMax AI
  • Augury (Predictive Maintenance)
  • IBM Notes
  • IBM Maximo Asset Management
  • Facility energy management software
  • Microsoft Office software
  • Siemens APOGEE Building Automation Software
  • Graphics software
  • Delta Controls inteliWEB
  • Internet browser software
  • Database software
  • Microsoft Excel
  • Microsoft Exchange
  • Smoke pens
  • Compound gauges
  • Duct vacuums
  • Wire brushes
  • Allen wrenches
  • Mechanical stethoscopes
  • Lug crimping tool dies
  • Socket wrench sets
  • Hand hacksaws
  • Precision levels
  • Hold down clamps
  • Scribers
  • 4-wire resistance sensors
  • Hacksaws
  • Refrigerant oil pumps
  • Spectrometers
  • Straightedges
  • Chart recorders
  • Thermocouple testers
  • Chalk lines
  • Electrical frequency indicators
  • Pipe threaders
  • Hoists
  • Air velocity meters
  • Differential pressure detectors
  • Temperature/humidity testers
  • Hand drills
  • Telescoping boom trucks
  • Decibel meters
  • Portable drills
  • Charging cylinders
  • Capacitor analyzers
  • Water testers
  • Electric drills
  • Acetylene torches
  • Utility knives
  • Humidity simulators
  • Rulers
  • Duct knives
  • Voltmeters
  • Welding hoods
  • Ladders
  • Velometers
  • Safety glasses
  • Milliohm meters
  • Water temperature gauges
  • Pipe dies
  • Forklifts
  • Hygrosticks
  • Clamp-on multimeters
  • Tap sets
  • Cordless drills
  • Soldering guns
  • Calipers
  • Ammeters
  • Infrared thermography cameras and display units
  • Bubble levels
  • Wire cutters
  • Milliammeters
  • Phase rotation meters
  • Tin snips
  • Image scanners
  • Laptop computers
  • Tongs
  • Resistance temperature detectors
  • Fall arrest lines
  • Tube cutters
  • Strobe tachometers
  • Safety harnesses
  • Safety belts
  • Screwdrivers
  • Caulking equipment
  • Refrigerant recovery machines
  • Air volume test equipment
  • Valve wrenches
  • Tubing benders
  • Service manifold sets
  • Hot wire anemometers
  • Laser levels
  • Tinners hammers
  • Temperature gauges
  • Drill bit sets
  • Vacuum pumps
  • Infrared thermometers
  • Squares
  • Dial indicators
  • Cold chisels
  • Brazing equipment
  • Alternating current AC line splitters
  • Power drills
  • Power grinders
  • Drill presses
  • Vibration analyis equipment
  • Duct slicers
  • Receptacle testers
  • Platform lifts
  • Pressure simulators
  • pH meters
  • Bolt cutters
  • Micrometers
  • Combustible gas leak detectors
  • Watt transducers
  • Recovery and recycle units
  • Hand trucks
  • Awls
  • Tachometers
  • Pneumatic air gauges
  • Humidity sensors
  • Feeler gauges
  • Megohmmeters
  • Combustion analyzers
  • Milliamp/microamp meters
  • Wire strippers
  • Caulking guns
  • Torque wrenches
  • Conduit benders
  • Moisture meters
  • Screw extractor sets
  • Circular saws
  • Water levels
  • Laser printers
  • Contaminant content tests
  • Circuit analyzers
  • Pipe cutters
  • Fish tapes
  • Staging equipment
  • Nut drivers
  • Side cutting pliers
  • Oil guns
  • Industrial vacuums
  • Programmable logic controllers PLC
  • Duplex pressure gauges
  • Refrigerant vacuum pumps
  • Knockout punches
  • Oxygen testers
  • Flowmeters
  • Smoke detector canisters
  • Swaging tools
  • Computer diagnostic devices
  • Desktop computers
  • Claw hammers
  • Hammers
  • Bandsaws
  • Reclaiming equipment
  • Power saws
  • Fin combs
  • Wattmeters
  • Turbine flow meters
  • Air flow hoods
  • Power hacksaws
  • Hole saws
  • Belt tension indicators
  • Pipe wrenches
  • Shears
  • Phillips head screwdrivers
  • Respirators
  • Transfer pumps
  • Jacks
  • Pipe reamers
  • Slotted screwdrivers
  • Flaring tools
  • Wet bulb/dew point meters
  • Manometers
  • Heating ventilation and air-conditioning/refrigeration HVAC/R clamp meters
  • Reciprocating saws
  • Ground fault circuit interrupter GFCI testers
  • Psychrometers
  • Black lights
  • Smoke testers
  • Adjustable wrenches
  • Material alignment jigs
  • Crowbars
  • Personal computers
  • Insulation knives
  • Power washers
  • Multimeters
  • Two way radios
  • Non-contact surface temperature heads
  • High-voltage probes
  • Long nose pliers
  • Magnetic pickup tools
  • Pipe clamp thermocouples
  • Potentiometers
  • Staging winches
  • Carbon monoxide evaluators
  • Sheet metal crimpers
  • Levels
  • Glue guns
  • Non-contact voltage detectors
  • Riggings
  • Shackles
  • Autoranging meters
  • Electrical current meters
  • Pullers
  • Handheld thermometers
  • Water pressure gauges
  • Soft face hammers
  • Bourdon tubes
  • Transit levels
  • Carbon dioxide CO2 testers
  • Air flow sensors
  • Revolutions per minute RPM meters
  • Hand seamers
  • Magnehelic gauges
  • Refrigerant leak detectors
  • Pressure gauges
  • Volt-ohm meters VOM
  • Punches
  • Tape measures
  • Circuit tracers
  • Metal snips
  • Plotters
  • Refrigerant pressure meters
  • Grease guns
  • Labeling machines
  • Box cutters
  • Reamers
  • Diagonal cutting pliers
  • Scaffolding
  • Temperature simulators
  • Capacitance testers
  • Slings
  • Bead type thermocouples
  • Micron gauges
  • Safety goggles
  • Pitot tubes
  • Venturi meters
  • Air compressors
  • Portable refractometers
  • Flared tip screwdrivers
  • Inspection mirrors
  • Hex wrenches
  • Litmus papers
  • Water flow meters
  • Jig saws
  • Soldering equipment
  • Adjustable widemouth pliers
  • Carbon monoxide detectors
  • Voltage simulators
  • Soldering irons
  • Open end wrenches
  • Resistance meters
  • Charging manifolds
  • Ohmmeters
  • Water level meters
  • Pipe benders
  • Dataloggers
  • Anemometers
  • Current simulators
  • Scrapers
  • Groove pliers
  • Vacuum gauges
  • Hand sprayers
  • Thermocouples
  • Draft gauges
  • Strap wrenches
  • Scale rules
  • Gas pressure gauges
  • Vernier calipers

Alternative Job Titles