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Automation Risk Analysis

Will “HVAC-R Service Tech (Heating, Ventilation, Air Conditioning, and Refrigeration Service Technician)” be Automated?

Historical Context: Oxford Study (2013)

Ranked #362 of 702. Estimated risk: 65.0%

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AI Exposure Risk

37%

“HVAC-R Service Tech (Heating, Ventilation, Air Conditioning, and Refrigeration Service Technician)” will probably not be replaced by AI.

Based on the cognitive demands, communication requirements, and logical reasoning intrinsic to this occupation according to O*NET data, we project a 37% probability of disruption by generative AI and Large Language Models.

Automation & Robot Risk

54%

“HVAC-R Service Tech (Heating, Ventilation, Air Conditioning, and Refrigeration Service Technician)” will maybe be replaced by robots.

Evaluating the physical dexterity, repetitive motion tasks, and manual labor associated with this role, our analysis indicates a 54% likelihood of substitution by advanced robotics systems.

Personal & Financial Insights

Every occupation has a unique profile. For Heating, Air Conditioning, and Refrigeration Mechanics and Installers, the Bureau of Labor Statistics and O*NET classify the day-to-day work broadly as: Install or repair heating, central air conditioning, HVAC, or refrigeration systems, including oil burners, hot-air furnaces, and heating stoves.

Avg. Annual Salary $62,690
Avg. Hourly Wage $30.14
Available Jobs (US) 396,870
Job Title & Hierarchy Code (SOC) Heating, Air Conditioning, and Refrigeration Mechanics and Installers #49-9021
Wage vs. National Median
ℹ️

Data is based on the reference occupation: “Heating, Air Conditioning, and Refrigeration Mechanics and Installers”

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Core Skills & Abilities

  • Cut or drill holes in floors, walls, or roof to install equipment, using power saws or drills.

  • Test pipes, lines, components, and connections for leaks.

  • Record and report time, materials, faults, deficiencies, or other unusual occurrences on work orders.

  • Install, connect, or adjust thermostats, humidistats, or timers.

  • Connect heating or air conditioning equipment to fuel, water, or refrigerant source to form complete circuit.

  • Supervise and instruct assistants.

  • Lift and align components into position, using hoist or block and tackle.

  • Install dehumidifiers or related equipment for spaces that require cool, dry air to operate efficiently, such as computer rooms.

  • Install or repair air purification systems, such as specialized filters or ultraviolet (UV) light purification systems.

  • Estimate, order, pick up, deliver, and install materials and supplies needed to maintain equipment in good working condition.

  • Inspect and test systems to verify system compliance with plans and specifications or to detect and locate malfunctions.

  • Lay out reference points for installation of structural and functional components, using measuring instruments.

  • Braze or solder parts to repair defective joints and leaks.

  • Mount compressor, condenser, and other components in specified locations on frames, using hand tools and acetylene welding equipment.

  • Install expansion and control valves, using acetylene torches and wrenches.

  • Test electrical circuits or components for continuity, using electrical test equipment.

  • Schedule work with customers and initiate work orders, house requisitions, and orders from stock.

  • Keep records of repairs and replacements made and causes of malfunctions.

  • Measure, cut, thread, or bend pipe or tubing, using pipe fitter's tools.

  • Install or repair self-contained ground source heat pumps or hybrid ground or air source heat pumps to minimize carbon-based energy consumption and reduce carbon emissions.

  • Recommend, develop, or perform preventive or general maintenance procedures, such as cleaning, power-washing, or vacuuming equipment, oiling parts, or changing filters.

  • Lay out and connect electrical wiring between controls and equipment, according to wiring diagrams, using electrician's hand tools.

  • Discuss heating or cooling system malfunctions with users to isolate problems or to verify that repairs corrected malfunctions.

  • Adjust system controls to settings recommended by manufacturer to balance system.

  • Study blueprints, design specifications, or manufacturers' recommendations to ascertain the configuration of heating or cooling equipment components and to ensure the proper installation of components.

  • Repair or replace defective equipment, components, or wiring.

  • Perform mechanical overhauls and refrigerant reclaiming.

  • Comply with all applicable standards, policies, or procedures, such as safety procedures or the maintenance of a clean work area.

  • Install auxiliary components to heating or cooling equipment, such as expansion or discharge valves, air ducts, pipes, blowers, dampers, flues, or stokers.

  • Repair or service heating, ventilating, and air conditioning (HVAC) systems to improve efficiency, such as by changing filters, cleaning ducts, and refilling non-toxic refrigerants.

Technologies & Software

  • Microsoft Office software
  • ManagerPlus
  • Autodesk AutoCAD
  • Microsoft Word
  • Computerized maintenance management system CMMS
  • Data logging software
  • Computer aided design CAD software
  • Delta Controls inteliWEB
  • Microsoft PowerPoint
  • Building automation software
  • Spreadsheet software
  • Facility energy management software
  • Perplexity AI
  • Internet browser software
  • Microsoft Outlook
  • Microsoft Exchange
  • Uptake AI
  • Cworks CMMS
  • Augury (Predictive Maintenance)
  • ChatGPT (OpenAI)
  • Adobe Acrobat
  • IBM Notes
  • Database software
  • Alerton Ascent Compass
  • Atlas Construction Business Forms
  • SAP software
  • Microsoft Excel
  • ServiceMax AI
  • Contact management systems
  • Siemens APOGEE Building Automation Software
  • HVAC tools software
  • Johnson Controls Metasys
  • IBM Maximo Asset Management
  • Honeywell WEBs-N4
  • Graphics software
  • Soldering equipment
  • Water levels
  • Hoists
  • Psychrometers
  • Non-contact voltage detectors
  • Soft face hammers
  • Vernier calipers
  • Hex wrenches
  • Pipe reamers
  • Velometers
  • Soldering guns
  • Squares
  • Transfer pumps
  • Wire strippers
  • Infrared thermography cameras and display units
  • Adjustable wrenches
  • Dial indicators
  • Long nose pliers
  • Tin snips
  • Contaminant content tests
  • Electrical frequency indicators
  • Smoke pens
  • Safety belts
  • Soldering irons
  • Current simulators
  • Cold chisels
  • Levels
  • Milliamp/microamp meters
  • Staging equipment
  • Desktop computers
  • Brazing equipment
  • Tinners hammers
  • Drill presses
  • Air compressors
  • Strap wrenches
  • Hold down clamps
  • Volt-ohm meters VOM
  • Handheld thermometers
  • Pipe dies
  • Water flow meters
  • Respirators
  • Shears
  • Drill bit sets
  • Pullers
  • Power drills
  • Wet bulb/dew point meters
  • Awls
  • Forklifts
  • Dataloggers
  • Tube cutters
  • Multimeters
  • Adjustable widemouth pliers
  • Open end wrenches
  • Straightedges
  • Oil guns
  • Reamers
  • Temperature/humidity testers
  • Moisture meters
  • Watt transducers
  • Jig saws
  • Pitot tubes
  • Combustible gas leak detectors
  • Thermocouple testers
  • Revolutions per minute RPM meters
  • Riggings
  • Grease guns
  • Caulking guns
  • Receptacle testers
  • Bead type thermocouples
  • Diagonal cutting pliers
  • Vacuum gauges
  • Micron gauges
  • Ground fault circuit interrupter GFCI testers
  • Refrigerant oil pumps
  • Gas pressure gauges
  • Labeling machines
  • Caulking equipment
  • Image scanners
  • Strobe tachometers
  • Pipe threaders
  • Scribers
  • Torque wrenches
  • Vibration analyis equipment
  • Carbon monoxide detectors
  • Hammers
  • Valve wrenches
  • Insulation knives
  • pH meters
  • Staging winches
  • Claw hammers
  • Mechanical stethoscopes
  • Laptop computers
  • Cordless drills
  • Metal snips
  • Air volume test equipment
  • Shackles
  • Slings
  • Rulers
  • Pneumatic air gauges
  • Voltmeters
  • Humidity simulators
  • Conduit benders
  • Groove pliers
  • Crowbars
  • Knockout punches
  • Nut drivers
  • Hand sprayers
  • Duct knives
  • Programmable logic controllers PLC
  • Bandsaws
  • Industrial vacuums
  • Clamp-on multimeters
  • Anemometers
  • Non-contact surface temperature heads
  • Ohmmeters
  • Pipe cutters
  • Pipe benders
  • Fin combs
  • Belt tension indicators
  • Litmus papers
  • Hand seamers
  • Resistance temperature detectors
  • High-voltage probes
  • Carbon monoxide evaluators
  • Autoranging meters
  • Flowmeters
  • Chalk lines
  • Feeler gauges
  • Voltage simulators
  • Bubble levels
  • Water testers
  • Draft gauges
  • Black lights
  • Humidity sensors
  • Capacitor analyzers
  • Acetylene torches
  • Phase rotation meters
  • Differential pressure detectors
  • Allen wrenches
  • Flared tip screwdrivers
  • Screw extractor sets
  • Tubing benders
  • Pressure simulators
  • Wire brushes
  • Swaging tools
  • Air flow sensors
  • Micrometers
  • Magnetic pickup tools
  • Bourdon tubes
  • Infrared thermometers
  • Hot wire anemometers
  • Refrigerant vacuum pumps
  • Water level meters
  • Safety harnesses
  • Circuit tracers
  • Combustion analyzers
  • Wattmeters
  • Milliohm meters
  • Smoke detector canisters
  • Safety glasses
  • Pipe wrenches
  • Milliammeters
  • Fall arrest lines
  • Socket wrench sets
  • Hand drills
  • Potentiometers
  • Decibel meters
  • Circular saws
  • Slotted screwdrivers
  • Laser printers
  • Wire cutters
  • Portable refractometers
  • Duct slicers
  • Oxygen testers
  • Duplex pressure gauges
  • Hand hacksaws
  • Inspection mirrors
  • Tape measures
  • Laser levels
  • Hole saws
  • Telescoping boom trucks
  • Manometers
  • Power grinders
  • Thermocouples
  • Bolt cutters
  • Power saws
  • Plotters
  • Scaffolding
  • Tachometers
  • Heating ventilation and air-conditioning/refrigeration HVAC/R clamp meters
  • Turbine flow meters
  • Portable drills
  • Vacuum pumps
  • Tap sets
  • Magnehelic gauges
  • Compound gauges
  • Alternating current AC line splitters
  • Platform lifts
  • Ammeters
  • Water pressure gauges
  • Punches
  • Reciprocating saws
  • Sheet metal crimpers
  • Personal computers
  • Duct vacuums
  • Carbon dioxide CO2 testers
  • Glue guns
  • Pipe clamp thermocouples
  • Hygrosticks
  • Charging cylinders
  • Service manifold sets
  • Calipers
  • Megohmmeters
  • Chart recorders
  • Power hacksaws
  • Power washers
  • Resistance meters
  • Lug crimping tool dies
  • Recovery and recycle units
  • Jacks
  • Charging manifolds
  • Precision levels
  • Fish tapes
  • Ladders
  • Screwdrivers
  • Pressure gauges
  • Capacitance testers
  • Circuit analyzers
  • Phillips head screwdrivers
  • Tongs
  • Side cutting pliers
  • Temperature gauges
  • Flaring tools
  • Refrigerant recovery machines
  • Safety goggles
  • Air velocity meters
  • Scale rules
  • Electrical current meters
  • Reclaiming equipment
  • Electric drills
  • Spectrometers
  • Two way radios
  • Scrapers
  • Air flow hoods
  • Refrigerant leak detectors
  • Computer diagnostic devices
  • Water temperature gauges
  • Material alignment jigs
  • 4-wire resistance sensors
  • Transit levels
  • Temperature simulators
  • Hacksaws
  • Refrigerant pressure meters
  • Hand trucks
  • Venturi meters
  • Welding hoods
  • Utility knives
  • Box cutters
  • Smoke testers

Alternative Job Titles