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Automation Risk Analysis

Will “HVAC-R Service Tech (Heating, Ventilation, Air Conditioning, and Refrigeration Service Technician)” be Automated?

Historical Context: Oxford Study (2013)

Ranked #362 of 702. Estimated risk: 65.0%

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AI Exposure Risk

37%

“HVAC-R Service Tech (Heating, Ventilation, Air Conditioning, and Refrigeration Service Technician)” will probably not be replaced by AI.

Based on the cognitive demands, communication requirements, and logical reasoning intrinsic to this occupation according to O*NET data, we project a 37% probability of disruption by generative AI and Large Language Models.

Automation & Robot Risk

54%

“HVAC-R Service Tech (Heating, Ventilation, Air Conditioning, and Refrigeration Service Technician)” will maybe be replaced by robots.

Evaluating the physical dexterity, repetitive motion tasks, and manual labor associated with this role, our analysis indicates a 54% likelihood of substitution by advanced robotics systems.

Personal & Financial Insights

Every occupation has a unique profile. For Heating, Air Conditioning, and Refrigeration Mechanics and Installers, the Bureau of Labor Statistics and O*NET classify the day-to-day work broadly as: Install or repair heating, central air conditioning, HVAC, or refrigeration systems, including oil burners, hot-air furnaces, and heating stoves.

Avg. Annual Salary $62,690
Avg. Hourly Wage $30.14
Available Jobs (US) 396,870
Job Title & Hierarchy Code (SOC) Heating, Air Conditioning, and Refrigeration Mechanics and Installers #49-9021
Wage vs. National Median
ℹ️

Data is based on the reference occupation: “Heating, Air Conditioning, and Refrigeration Mechanics and Installers”

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Core Skills & Abilities

  • Comply with all applicable standards, policies, or procedures, such as safety procedures or the maintenance of a clean work area.

  • Inspect and test systems to verify system compliance with plans and specifications or to detect and locate malfunctions.

  • Repair or service heating, ventilating, and air conditioning (HVAC) systems to improve efficiency, such as by changing filters, cleaning ducts, and refilling non-toxic refrigerants.

  • Braze or solder parts to repair defective joints and leaks.

  • Adjust system controls to settings recommended by manufacturer to balance system.

  • Estimate, order, pick up, deliver, and install materials and supplies needed to maintain equipment in good working condition.

  • Connect heating or air conditioning equipment to fuel, water, or refrigerant source to form complete circuit.

  • Repair or replace defective equipment, components, or wiring.

  • Schedule work with customers and initiate work orders, house requisitions, and orders from stock.

  • Lay out reference points for installation of structural and functional components, using measuring instruments.

  • Keep records of repairs and replacements made and causes of malfunctions.

  • Lift and align components into position, using hoist or block and tackle.

  • Test pipes, lines, components, and connections for leaks.

  • Perform mechanical overhauls and refrigerant reclaiming.

  • Cut or drill holes in floors, walls, or roof to install equipment, using power saws or drills.

  • Install auxiliary components to heating or cooling equipment, such as expansion or discharge valves, air ducts, pipes, blowers, dampers, flues, or stokers.

  • Supervise and instruct assistants.

  • Install, connect, or adjust thermostats, humidistats, or timers.

  • Measure, cut, thread, or bend pipe or tubing, using pipe fitter's tools.

  • Install or repair self-contained ground source heat pumps or hybrid ground or air source heat pumps to minimize carbon-based energy consumption and reduce carbon emissions.

  • Lay out and connect electrical wiring between controls and equipment, according to wiring diagrams, using electrician's hand tools.

  • Mount compressor, condenser, and other components in specified locations on frames, using hand tools and acetylene welding equipment.

  • Discuss heating or cooling system malfunctions with users to isolate problems or to verify that repairs corrected malfunctions.

  • Study blueprints, design specifications, or manufacturers' recommendations to ascertain the configuration of heating or cooling equipment components and to ensure the proper installation of components.

  • Install or repair air purification systems, such as specialized filters or ultraviolet (UV) light purification systems.

  • Recommend, develop, or perform preventive or general maintenance procedures, such as cleaning, power-washing, or vacuuming equipment, oiling parts, or changing filters.

  • Install dehumidifiers or related equipment for spaces that require cool, dry air to operate efficiently, such as computer rooms.

  • Record and report time, materials, faults, deficiencies, or other unusual occurrences on work orders.

  • Test electrical circuits or components for continuity, using electrical test equipment.

  • Install expansion and control valves, using acetylene torches and wrenches.

Technologies & Software

  • ServiceMax AI
  • Delta Controls inteliWEB
  • Spreadsheet software
  • IBM Maximo Asset Management
  • Augury (Predictive Maintenance)
  • Computer aided design CAD software
  • Data logging software
  • HVAC tools software
  • Microsoft Excel
  • Johnson Controls Metasys
  • Microsoft Exchange
  • Perplexity AI
  • ManagerPlus
  • Internet browser software
  • Autodesk AutoCAD
  • Siemens APOGEE Building Automation Software
  • IBM Notes
  • Database software
  • ChatGPT (OpenAI)
  • Microsoft PowerPoint
  • Microsoft Word
  • Microsoft Office software
  • Graphics software
  • Facility energy management software
  • Building automation software
  • Uptake AI
  • Microsoft Outlook
  • SAP software
  • Computerized maintenance management system CMMS
  • Adobe Acrobat
  • Alerton Ascent Compass
  • Cworks CMMS
  • Contact management systems
  • Atlas Construction Business Forms
  • Honeywell WEBs-N4
  • Refrigerant oil pumps
  • Non-contact voltage detectors
  • Knockout punches
  • Scaffolding
  • Socket wrench sets
  • Levels
  • Awls
  • Volt-ohm meters VOM
  • Hammers
  • Reciprocating saws
  • Recovery and recycle units
  • Welding hoods
  • Compound gauges
  • Circuit analyzers
  • Gas pressure gauges
  • Refrigerant pressure meters
  • Handheld thermometers
  • Service manifold sets
  • Water flow meters
  • Wet bulb/dew point meters
  • Drill presses
  • Hacksaws
  • Micrometers
  • Safety harnesses
  • Pitot tubes
  • Wire strippers
  • Draft gauges
  • Hex wrenches
  • Ammeters
  • Insulation knives
  • Air flow sensors
  • Hand sprayers
  • Rulers
  • Transit levels
  • Duct vacuums
  • Tachometers
  • Oil guns
  • Bead type thermocouples
  • Box cutters
  • Riggings
  • Combustible gas leak detectors
  • Bubble levels
  • Infrared thermometers
  • Smoke detector canisters
  • Tinners hammers
  • Pipe threaders
  • Milliamp/microamp meters
  • Forklifts
  • Staging winches
  • Non-contact surface temperature heads
  • Vibration analyis equipment
  • Scrapers
  • Temperature simulators
  • Flared tip screwdrivers
  • Autoranging meters
  • Shears
  • Thermocouple testers
  • Water testers
  • Chalk lines
  • Mechanical stethoscopes
  • Allen wrenches
  • Venturi meters
  • Charging cylinders
  • Humidity simulators
  • Soldering equipment
  • Hoists
  • Calipers
  • Hot wire anemometers
  • Moisture meters
  • Crowbars
  • Tongs
  • Reamers
  • Shackles
  • Staging equipment
  • High-voltage probes
  • Pipe dies
  • Alternating current AC line splitters
  • Carbon dioxide CO2 testers
  • Diagonal cutting pliers
  • Spectrometers
  • Pipe clamp thermocouples
  • Laser levels
  • Drill bit sets
  • Tube cutters
  • Milliohm meters
  • Air flow hoods
  • Thermocouples
  • Scribers
  • Litmus papers
  • Temperature gauges
  • Chart recorders
  • Sheet metal crimpers
  • Punches
  • Two way radios
  • Slings
  • Cold chisels
  • Clamp-on multimeters
  • Dial indicators
  • Pressure gauges
  • Caulking guns
  • Air compressors
  • Utility knives
  • Torque wrenches
  • Screw extractor sets
  • Computer diagnostic devices
  • Multimeters
  • Hand drills
  • Dataloggers
  • Ground fault circuit interrupter GFCI testers
  • Soft face hammers
  • Jig saws
  • Air volume test equipment
  • Micron gauges
  • Electrical frequency indicators
  • Wire cutters
  • Bolt cutters
  • Hole saws
  • Vernier calipers
  • Duct slicers
  • Refrigerant leak detectors
  • Hand seamers
  • 4-wire resistance sensors
  • Image scanners
  • Wattmeters
  • Tin snips
  • Duplex pressure gauges
  • Scale rules
  • Lug crimping tool dies
  • Brazing equipment
  • Power washers
  • Tap sets
  • Temperature/humidity testers
  • Vacuum pumps
  • Pipe wrenches
  • Water level meters
  • Metal snips
  • Material alignment jigs
  • Magnehelic gauges
  • Magnetic pickup tools
  • Power hacksaws
  • Humidity sensors
  • Revolutions per minute RPM meters
  • Oxygen testers
  • Anemometers
  • Hand trucks
  • Ohmmeters
  • Telescoping boom trucks
  • Water levels
  • Duct knives
  • Ladders
  • Pressure simulators
  • Safety goggles
  • Belt tension indicators
  • Bourdon tubes
  • Heating ventilation and air-conditioning/refrigeration HVAC/R clamp meters
  • Fall arrest lines
  • Programmable logic controllers PLC
  • Milliammeters
  • Straightedges
  • Labeling machines
  • Nut drivers
  • Potentiometers
  • Pneumatic air gauges
  • Soldering irons
  • Charging manifolds
  • Hand hacksaws
  • Resistance temperature detectors
  • Vacuum gauges
  • Jacks
  • Decibel meters
  • Reclaiming equipment
  • Velometers
  • Industrial vacuums
  • Current simulators
  • Pipe cutters
  • Strap wrenches
  • Platform lifts
  • Capacitor analyzers
  • Screwdrivers
  • Electrical current meters
  • Flaring tools
  • Carbon monoxide evaluators
  • Claw hammers
  • Precision levels
  • Circuit tracers
  • Carbon monoxide detectors
  • Water temperature gauges
  • Laser printers
  • Inspection mirrors
  • Refrigerant vacuum pumps
  • Open end wrenches
  • Pipe benders
  • Phillips head screwdrivers
  • pH meters
  • Adjustable wrenches
  • Hold down clamps
  • Long nose pliers
  • Soldering guns
  • Respirators
  • Bandsaws
  • Contaminant content tests
  • Watt transducers
  • Pipe reamers
  • Power drills
  • Portable drills
  • Valve wrenches
  • Cordless drills
  • Combustion analyzers
  • Safety belts
  • Groove pliers
  • Squares
  • Manometers
  • Transfer pumps
  • Conduit benders
  • Glue guns
  • Circular saws
  • Water pressure gauges
  • Smoke pens
  • Black lights
  • Laptop computers
  • Adjustable widemouth pliers
  • Electric drills
  • Strobe tachometers
  • Differential pressure detectors
  • Plotters
  • Wire brushes
  • Acetylene torches
  • Infrared thermography cameras and display units
  • Capacitance testers
  • Megohmmeters
  • Feeler gauges
  • Desktop computers
  • Tape measures
  • Psychrometers
  • Portable refractometers
  • Caulking equipment
  • Resistance meters
  • Smoke testers
  • Pullers
  • Voltage simulators
  • Side cutting pliers
  • Power grinders
  • Tubing benders
  • Fin combs
  • Hygrosticks
  • Grease guns
  • Personal computers
  • Receptacle testers
  • Air velocity meters
  • Power saws
  • Voltmeters
  • Swaging tools
  • Refrigerant recovery machines
  • Fish tapes
  • Slotted screwdrivers
  • Turbine flow meters
  • Phase rotation meters
  • Safety glasses
  • Flowmeters

Alternative Job Titles