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Automation Risk Analysis

Will “Journeyman Plumber” be Automated?

Historical Context: Oxford Study (2013)

Ranked #249 of 702. Estimated risk: 35.0%

Directly assessed by researchers as unlikely to be automatable
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AI Exposure Risk

44%

“Journeyman Plumber” will probably not be replaced by AI.

Based on the cognitive demands, communication requirements, and logical reasoning intrinsic to this occupation according to O*NET data, we project a 44% probability of disruption by generative AI and Large Language Models.

Automation & Robot Risk

57%

“Journeyman Plumber” will maybe be replaced by robots.

Evaluating the physical dexterity, repetitive motion tasks, and manual labor associated with this role, our analysis indicates a 57% likelihood of substitution by advanced robotics systems.

Personal & Financial Insights

Every occupation has a unique profile. For Plumbers, Pipefitters, and Steamfitters, the Bureau of Labor Statistics and O*NET classify the day-to-day work broadly as: Assemble, install, alter, and repair pipelines or pipe systems that carry water, steam, air, or other liquids or gases. May install heating and cooling equipment and mechanical control systems. Includes sprinkler fitters.

Avg. Annual Salary $69,940
Avg. Hourly Wage $33.63
Available Jobs (US) 455,940
Job Title & Hierarchy Code (SOC) Plumbers, Pipefitters, and Steamfitters #47-2152
Wage vs. National Median
ℹ️

Data is based on the reference occupation: “Plumbers, Pipefitters, and Steamfitters”

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Core Skills & Abilities

  • Cut, thread, or hammer pipes to specifications, using tools such as saws, cutting torches, pipe threaders, or pipe benders.

  • Modify, clean, or maintain pipe systems, units, fittings, or related machines or equipment, using hand or power tools.

  • Anchor steel supports from ceiling joists to hold pipes in place.

  • Lay out full scale drawings of pipe systems, supports, or related equipment, according to blueprints.

  • Keep records of work assignments.

  • Repair or remove and replace system components.

  • Direct helpers engaged in pipe cutting, preassembly, or installation of plumbing systems or components.

  • Install pipe systems to support alternative energy-fueled systems, such as geothermal heating or cooling systems.

  • Fill pipes or plumbing fixtures with water or air and observe pressure gauges to detect and locate leaks.

  • Inspect, examine, or test installed systems or pipe lines, using pressure gauge, hydrostatic testing, observation, or other methods.

  • Install green plumbing equipment, such as faucet flow restrictors, dual-flush or pressure-assisted flush toilets, or tankless hot water heaters.

  • Maintain or repair plumbing by replacing defective washers, replacing or mending broken pipes, or opening clogged drains.

  • Operate motorized pumps to remove water from flooded manholes, basements, or facility floors.

  • Locate and mark the position of pipe installations, connections, passage holes, or fixtures in structures, using measuring instruments such as rulers or levels.

  • Install fixtures, appliances, or equipment designed to reduce water or energy consumption.

  • Assemble pipe sections, tubing, or fittings, using couplings, clamps, screws, bolts, cement, plastic solvent, caulking, or soldering, brazing, or welding equipment.

  • Shut off steam, water, or other gases or liquids from pipe sections, using valve keys or wrenches.

  • Cut openings in structures to accommodate pipes or pipe fittings, using hand or power tools.

  • Inspect structures to assess material or equipment needs, to establish the sequence of pipe installations, or to plan installation around obstructions, such as electrical wiring.

  • Repair hydraulic or air pumps.

  • Plan pipe system layout, installation, or repair, according to specifications.

  • Estimate time, material, or labor costs for use in project plans.

  • Install pipe assemblies, fittings, valves, appliances such as dishwashers or water heaters, or fixtures such as sinks or toilets, using hand or power tools.

  • Weld small pipes or special piping, using specialized techniques, equipment, or materials, such as computer-assisted welding or microchip fabrication.

  • Review blueprints, building codes, or specifications to determine work details or procedures.

  • Install automatic controls to regulate pipe systems.

  • Select pipe sizes, types, or related materials, such as supports, hangers, or hydraulic cylinders, according to specifications.

  • Attach pipes to walls, structures, or fixtures, such as radiators or tanks, using brackets, clamps, tools, or welding equipment.

  • Inspect work sites for obstructions or holes that could cause structural weakness.

  • Install underground storm, sanitary, or water piping systems, extending piping as needed to connect fixtures and plumbing.

Technologies & Software

  • PricePoint
  • Elite Software Plumbing CAD
  • Intuit QuickBooks
  • Elite Software Spipe
  • Watter Hammer Software Hytran
  • AEC Design Group CADPIPE
  • Buildots AI
  • KRS Enterprises Service First!
  • Autodesk Building Systems
  • Horizon Engineering Sigma Plumbing Calculator
  • Microsoft Office software
  • Spreadsheet software
  • Quicken
  • Bookkeeping software
  • Vision InfoSoft Plumbing Bid Manager
  • Insight Direct ServiceCEO
  • Bentley Systems AutoPIPE
  • PipingOffice
  • Drawing and drafting software
  • Email software
  • Quote Software QuoteExpress
  • Microsoft Active Server Pages ASP
  • Heat loss calculation software
  • Microsoft Excel
  • COADE CAESAR II
  • Job costing software
  • Wintac Pro
  • Elite Software HSYM
  • Computer aided design CAD software
  • Database software
  • FastEST software
  • Elite Software Sprinkler CAD
  • Gemini for Workspace
  • Pipepro Pipefitting
  • Maintenance management software
  • Estimating software
  • Elite Software FIRE
  • ChatGPT (OpenAI)
  • Wilhelm Publishing Threshold
  • Autodesk Construction AI
  • FastEST FastPipe
  • Microsoft Word
  • Piping construction costs estimation software
  • Elite Software DPIPE
  • Atlas Construction Business Forms
  • Word processing software
  • Internet browser software
  • ViziFlow
  • Klear Estimator
  • Procore AI
  • Internal wrenches
  • Non-contact infrared thermometers
  • One stop wrenches
  • Air-acetylene torches
  • Diagonal cutting pliers
  • Propane torches
  • Cold chisels
  • Tripod vises
  • Basin wrenches
  • Laser printers
  • Six-step faucet seat wrenches
  • Leak-testing gauges
  • Pipe threaders
  • Reamers
  • Ohmmeters
  • Ratcheting box wrenches
  • Soil pipe cutters
  • Tube crimping tools
  • Tube bending springs
  • Shower valve socket wrenches
  • Welding clamps
  • Hammers
  • Pressure gauges
  • Butane torches
  • Caulking guns
  • Screwdrivers
  • Manual pipe benders
  • Safety harnesses
  • Compound leverage wrenches
  • Pop-up plug wrenches
  • Power pipe threading machines
  • Copper cutting machines
  • Wire tracers
  • Faucet stem and cartridge pullers
  • Water pump pliers
  • Hydraulic cranes
  • Rasps
  • Hollow core socket wrenches
  • Slip joint pliers
  • Hydrostatic testers
  • Centering head tools
  • Personal computers
  • Jackhammers
  • Ladders
  • Single-cut mill saw files
  • Faucet handle pullers
  • Hole saws
  • Alternating current AC welding equipment
  • Hand tachometers
  • Skip loaders
  • Seat wrenches
  • Comprehensive water gauges
  • Receding threaders
  • Sewage pumps
  • Mini tubing cutters
  • Toilet augers
  • Circular saws
  • Strap wrenches
  • Allen wrenches
  • Chain tongs
  • Cable saws
  • Staple guns
  • Mud pumps
  • Pipe freezing kits
  • Hacksaws
  • Pipe wrenches
  • Ball peen hammers
  • Monkey wrench sets
  • Oxyacetylene welding equipment
  • Two way radios
  • Right-angle drills
  • Pneumatic wire brushes
  • Backhoes
  • Angle air grinders
  • Shielded arc welding tools
  • Metal inert gas MIG welders
  • Amp meters
  • Locking pliers
  • Heavy duty drain cleaning machines
  • Rotary hammers
  • Shears
  • Magnetic locators
  • Calipers
  • Scaffolding
  • Seat dressers
  • Manlifts
  • Nylon strap wrenches
  • Hydraulic valve turners
  • Hand hacksaws
  • Drill presses
  • Pneumatic pipe bevelers
  • Stands
  • Universal nut wrenches
  • Polyvinyl chloride PVC cutters
  • Deburring tools
  • Null locators
  • Forklifts
  • Pipe extractors
  • Water samplers
  • Vibration analyzers
  • Water pumps
  • Phillips head screwdrivers
  • Vertical bandsaws
  • Reciprocating saws
  • Thread repair files
  • Utility pumps
  • Bench yoke vises
  • Ratcheting polyvinyl chloride PVC cutters
  • End pipe wrenches
  • Plasma cutting guides
  • Plastic nut basin wrenches
  • No hub torque wrenches
  • Welders
  • Basket strainer wrenches
  • Hand spinners
  • Cleanout plug wrenches
  • Acetylene torches
  • Air pressure gauges
  • Impact screwdrivers
  • Tin snips
  • Shut-off keys
  • Heavy duty water pressure gauges
  • Portable grinders
  • Augers
  • Pedestal sink wrenches
  • Truck cranes
  • Pressurized water pigs
  • Water meter keys
  • Loaders
  • Dumpy levels
  • Impact hammers
  • Water pressure gauges
  • Sectional drain cleaning machines
  • Offset pipe wrenches
  • Vacuum gauges
  • Water heater element removal wrenches
  • Claw hammers
  • Gasket cutters
  • Chain wrenches
  • Laser alignment tools
  • Flat blade screwdrivers
  • Bandsaws
  • Generators
  • Torch cutter guides
  • Power spinners
  • Maximum reading water pressure gauges
  • Swaging tools
  • Air compressors
  • Plumb bobs
  • Straight-fluted pipe reamers
  • Pipe flange aligners
  • Inductive clamps
  • Pulleys
  • Measuring tapes
  • Metal hand saws
  • Soldering equipment
  • Air wire brushes
  • Channel lock pliers
  • Radius markers
  • Bench chain vises
  • Ultrasonic leak detectors
  • Flow gauges
  • Desktop computers
  • Telescoping basin wrenches
  • Drophead dies
  • Adjustable wrenches
  • Drain cleaning cables
  • Automatic levels
  • Power hammers
  • Threading machine die heads
  • Tirfors
  • Personal digital assistants PDA
  • Torpedo levels
  • Light pickup trucks
  • Pipe vises
  • Tristand chain vises
  • Roll groovers
  • Pipeline jacks
  • Inner/outer reamers
  • Tapping tools
  • Stillson wrenches
  • Root ranger jetter nozzles
  • Power sink machine drain cleaners
  • Quality control QC welders' gauges
  • Jam-proof ratchet threaders
  • Spud wrenches
  • Compression sleeve pullers
  • Power pipe cutters
  • Metal cutting dies
  • Sump pumps
  • Dump trucks
  • Box end wrenches
  • Bolt cutters
  • Trutest smoke detectors
  • Line locators
  • Straight pipe wrenches
  • Tub drain removers
  • Spiral ratchet pipe reamers
  • Pipe cutters
  • Brazing equipment
  • Stationary grinders
  • Split bubble levels
  • Pipe threading machines
  • Vise grip pliers
  • Transmitters
  • Lathes
  • Pedestal grinders
  • Moisture meters
  • Rodders
  • Polyvinyl chloride PVC saws
  • Strainer wrenches
  • Sewer tapes
  • Oilers
  • Adjustable slip lock nut wrenches
  • Pavement stompers
  • Pipe bending mandrels
  • Power drills
  • Laser levels
  • Portable welding machines
  • Pocket levels
  • Tablet computers
  • Pry bars
  • Plastic pipe/conduit die heads
  • Two-hole pins
  • Hex wrenches
  • Plungers
  • Notebook computers
  • Crowbars
  • Flaring tools
  • Pipe bending tools
  • Levels
  • Winches
  • Gas leak detection devices
  • Direct current DC arc welder
  • Water stoppers
  • Direct tap machines
  • Rapwrenches
  • Manual ratchet threader sets
  • Magnetic circle layout tools
  • Tubing cutters
  • Hole cutting tools
  • Pipe flaring tools
  • Cutting torches
  • Tungsten inert gas TIG welding equipment
  • Wide roll pipe cutters
  • Metal cutting taps
  • Three-way pipe threaders
  • Offset grinders
  • Tuggers
  • Bibb seat tools
  • Rebar locators
  • Block and tackle equipment
  • Transit levels
  • Water jetters
  • Material-hoisting slings
  • Framing squares
  • Pipe fabrication shears
  • Heat guns
  • Pipe taps
  • Combination squares
  • Pipe welding vises
  • Four-in-one keys
  • Rubber strap wrenches
  • Air operated grinders
  • Video diagnostic tools
  • Welding hoods
  • Explosimeters
  • Utility knives
  • Pit depth gauges
  • Chain falls
  • Crescent wrenches
  • Pipe lasers
  • Telescopic inspection mirrors
  • Power hacksaws
  • Mini hacksaws
  • Trenchers
  • Flat head screwdrivers
  • Impact wrenches

Alternative Job Titles