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Automation Risk Analysis

Will “Journeyman Plumber” be Automated?

Historical Context: Oxford Study (2013)

Ranked #249 of 702. Estimated risk: 35.0%

Directly assessed by researchers as unlikely to be automatable
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AI Exposure Risk

44%

“Journeyman Plumber” will probably not be replaced by AI.

Based on the cognitive demands, communication requirements, and logical reasoning intrinsic to this occupation according to O*NET data, we project a 44% probability of disruption by generative AI and Large Language Models.

Automation & Robot Risk

57%

“Journeyman Plumber” will maybe be replaced by robots.

Evaluating the physical dexterity, repetitive motion tasks, and manual labor associated with this role, our analysis indicates a 57% likelihood of substitution by advanced robotics systems.

Personal & Financial Insights

Every occupation has a unique profile. For Plumbers, Pipefitters, and Steamfitters, the Bureau of Labor Statistics and O*NET classify the day-to-day work broadly as: Assemble, install, alter, and repair pipelines or pipe systems that carry water, steam, air, or other liquids or gases. May install heating and cooling equipment and mechanical control systems. Includes sprinkler fitters.

Avg. Annual Salary $69,940
Avg. Hourly Wage $33.63
Available Jobs (US) 455,940
Job Title & Hierarchy Code (SOC) Plumbers, Pipefitters, and Steamfitters #47-2152
Wage vs. National Median
ℹ️

Data is based on the reference occupation: “Plumbers, Pipefitters, and Steamfitters”

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Core Skills & Abilities

  • Inspect, examine, or test installed systems or pipe lines, using pressure gauge, hydrostatic testing, observation, or other methods.

  • Keep records of work assignments.

  • Lay out full scale drawings of pipe systems, supports, or related equipment, according to blueprints.

  • Locate and mark the position of pipe installations, connections, passage holes, or fixtures in structures, using measuring instruments such as rulers or levels.

  • Inspect work sites for obstructions or holes that could cause structural weakness.

  • Review blueprints, building codes, or specifications to determine work details or procedures.

  • Install fixtures, appliances, or equipment designed to reduce water or energy consumption.

  • Repair or remove and replace system components.

  • Install underground storm, sanitary, or water piping systems, extending piping as needed to connect fixtures and plumbing.

  • Direct helpers engaged in pipe cutting, preassembly, or installation of plumbing systems or components.

  • Attach pipes to walls, structures, or fixtures, such as radiators or tanks, using brackets, clamps, tools, or welding equipment.

  • Assemble pipe sections, tubing, or fittings, using couplings, clamps, screws, bolts, cement, plastic solvent, caulking, or soldering, brazing, or welding equipment.

  • Anchor steel supports from ceiling joists to hold pipes in place.

  • Shut off steam, water, or other gases or liquids from pipe sections, using valve keys or wrenches.

  • Estimate time, material, or labor costs for use in project plans.

  • Plan pipe system layout, installation, or repair, according to specifications.

  • Cut, thread, or hammer pipes to specifications, using tools such as saws, cutting torches, pipe threaders, or pipe benders.

  • Install green plumbing equipment, such as faucet flow restrictors, dual-flush or pressure-assisted flush toilets, or tankless hot water heaters.

  • Weld small pipes or special piping, using specialized techniques, equipment, or materials, such as computer-assisted welding or microchip fabrication.

  • Modify, clean, or maintain pipe systems, units, fittings, or related machines or equipment, using hand or power tools.

  • Select pipe sizes, types, or related materials, such as supports, hangers, or hydraulic cylinders, according to specifications.

  • Fill pipes or plumbing fixtures with water or air and observe pressure gauges to detect and locate leaks.

  • Install automatic controls to regulate pipe systems.

  • Install pipe systems to support alternative energy-fueled systems, such as geothermal heating or cooling systems.

  • Maintain or repair plumbing by replacing defective washers, replacing or mending broken pipes, or opening clogged drains.

  • Repair hydraulic or air pumps.

  • Inspect structures to assess material or equipment needs, to establish the sequence of pipe installations, or to plan installation around obstructions, such as electrical wiring.

  • Install pipe assemblies, fittings, valves, appliances such as dishwashers or water heaters, or fixtures such as sinks or toilets, using hand or power tools.

  • Operate motorized pumps to remove water from flooded manholes, basements, or facility floors.

  • Cut openings in structures to accommodate pipes or pipe fittings, using hand or power tools.

Technologies & Software

  • Atlas Construction Business Forms
  • Drawing and drafting software
  • Word processing software
  • Quicken
  • Microsoft Office software
  • Wintac Pro
  • Autodesk Building Systems
  • Pipepro Pipefitting
  • Vision InfoSoft Plumbing Bid Manager
  • Microsoft Excel
  • ViziFlow
  • Autodesk Construction AI
  • Spreadsheet software
  • Microsoft Word
  • Maintenance management software
  • Wilhelm Publishing Threshold
  • Elite Software Sprinkler CAD
  • Estimating software
  • Buildots AI
  • Job costing software
  • Internet browser software
  • FastEST software
  • Elite Software HSYM
  • Gemini for Workspace
  • PipingOffice
  • Elite Software Plumbing CAD
  • Insight Direct ServiceCEO
  • Piping construction costs estimation software
  • Bookkeeping software
  • Elite Software FIRE
  • Computer aided design CAD software
  • KRS Enterprises Service First!
  • Elite Software DPIPE
  • Watter Hammer Software Hytran
  • FastEST FastPipe
  • COADE CAESAR II
  • Horizon Engineering Sigma Plumbing Calculator
  • PricePoint
  • Heat loss calculation software
  • Klear Estimator
  • Quote Software QuoteExpress
  • Microsoft Active Server Pages ASP
  • Procore AI
  • Email software
  • Bentley Systems AutoPIPE
  • Database software
  • AEC Design Group CADPIPE
  • Elite Software Spipe
  • ChatGPT (OpenAI)
  • Intuit QuickBooks
  • Water samplers
  • Pipe fabrication shears
  • Jackhammers
  • Scaffolding
  • Box end wrenches
  • Line locators
  • Pit depth gauges
  • Oilers
  • Slip joint pliers
  • Water stoppers
  • Channel lock pliers
  • Copper cutting machines
  • Allen wrenches
  • Leak-testing gauges
  • Pipe flange aligners
  • Pop-up plug wrenches
  • Cutting torches
  • Acetylene torches
  • Centering head tools
  • Manual ratchet threader sets
  • Manual pipe benders
  • Plastic pipe/conduit die heads
  • Butane torches
  • Caulking guns
  • Air compressors
  • Tube bending springs
  • Personal digital assistants PDA
  • Two way radios
  • Strainer wrenches
  • Monkey wrench sets
  • Mud pumps
  • Impact wrenches
  • End pipe wrenches
  • Hydrostatic testers
  • Shut-off keys
  • Laser printers
  • One stop wrenches
  • Quality control QC welders' gauges
  • Water pump pliers
  • Power spinners
  • Ohmmeters
  • Power drills
  • Internal wrenches
  • Hydraulic valve turners
  • Welders
  • Mini tubing cutters
  • Alternating current AC welding equipment
  • Oxyacetylene welding equipment
  • Ultrasonic leak detectors
  • Truck cranes
  • Soldering equipment
  • Root ranger jetter nozzles
  • Water heater element removal wrenches
  • Measuring tapes
  • Rotary hammers
  • Plastic nut basin wrenches
  • Staple guns
  • Pressurized water pigs
  • Telescoping basin wrenches
  • Rebar locators
  • Flat head screwdrivers
  • Welding clamps
  • Hammers
  • Chain wrenches
  • Tablet computers
  • Portable welding machines
  • Pipe wrenches
  • Water meter keys
  • Adjustable wrenches
  • Tubing cutters
  • Sewer tapes
  • Split bubble levels
  • Dump trucks
  • No hub torque wrenches
  • Hole cutting tools
  • Reciprocating saws
  • Pressure gauges
  • Transit levels
  • Pipe freezing kits
  • Stands
  • Three-way pipe threaders
  • Pneumatic wire brushes
  • Metal cutting taps
  • Power sink machine drain cleaners
  • Angle air grinders
  • Thread repair files
  • Comprehensive water gauges
  • Material-hoisting slings
  • Utility pumps
  • Lathes
  • Forklifts
  • Offset grinders
  • Bibb seat tools
  • Basket strainer wrenches
  • Magnetic circle layout tools
  • Plasma cutting guides
  • Phillips head screwdrivers
  • Rubber strap wrenches
  • Crowbars
  • Compound leverage wrenches
  • Claw hammers
  • Torpedo levels
  • Water jetters
  • Tube crimping tools
  • Inner/outer reamers
  • Generators
  • Tirfors
  • Stationary grinders
  • Threading machine die heads
  • Pneumatic pipe bevelers
  • Cable saws
  • Null locators
  • Bandsaws
  • Heavy duty water pressure gauges
  • Shielded arc welding tools
  • Drophead dies
  • Personal computers
  • Tapping tools
  • Rodders
  • Laser alignment tools
  • Reamers
  • Basin wrenches
  • Bolt cutters
  • Tungsten inert gas TIG welding equipment
  • Polyvinyl chloride PVC saws
  • Air wire brushes
  • Pipe lasers
  • Crescent wrenches
  • Winches
  • Swaging tools
  • Welding hoods
  • Roll groovers
  • Telescopic inspection mirrors
  • Pipe extractors
  • Magnetic locators
  • Hand tachometers
  • Diagonal cutting pliers
  • Tub drain removers
  • Framing squares
  • Cleanout plug wrenches
  • Pipe vises
  • Compression sleeve pullers
  • Pipe taps
  • Transmitters
  • Sectional drain cleaning machines
  • Combination squares
  • Right-angle drills
  • Bench chain vises
  • Dumpy levels
  • Water pumps
  • Adjustable slip lock nut wrenches
  • Backhoes
  • Plungers
  • Propane torches
  • Drill presses
  • Explosimeters
  • Hole saws
  • Vibration analyzers
  • Pulleys
  • Faucet stem and cartridge pullers
  • Straight-fluted pipe reamers
  • Screwdrivers
  • Rapwrenches
  • Pedestal sink wrenches
  • Pipe bending tools
  • Non-contact infrared thermometers
  • Flow gauges
  • Vacuum gauges
  • Circular saws
  • Sump pumps
  • Straight pipe wrenches
  • Calipers
  • Air pressure gauges
  • Notebook computers
  • Power hammers
  • Laser levels
  • Impact hammers
  • Toilet augers
  • Tripod vises
  • Plumb bobs
  • Light pickup trucks
  • Seat wrenches
  • Spiral ratchet pipe reamers
  • Water pressure gauges
  • Cold chisels
  • Direct tap machines
  • Tin snips
  • Levels
  • Four-in-one keys
  • Brazing equipment
  • Air operated grinders
  • Seat dressers
  • Direct current DC arc welder
  • Trutest smoke detectors
  • Chain falls
  • Tristand chain vises
  • Maximum reading water pressure gauges
  • Stillson wrenches
  • Desktop computers
  • Wire tracers
  • Single-cut mill saw files
  • Torch cutter guides
  • Hand spinners
  • Bench yoke vises
  • Skip loaders
  • Hex wrenches
  • Manlifts
  • Amp meters
  • Metal cutting dies
  • Wide roll pipe cutters
  • Flaring tools
  • Deburring tools
  • Faucet handle pullers
  • Metal inert gas MIG welders
  • Receding threaders
  • Hacksaws
  • Vertical bandsaws
  • Ladders
  • Impact screwdrivers
  • Pipe threading machines
  • Ratcheting box wrenches
  • Six-step faucet seat wrenches
  • Gasket cutters
  • Pipe cutters
  • Pavement stompers
  • Power pipe threading machines
  • Utility knives
  • Drain cleaning cables
  • Hydraulic cranes
  • Ball peen hammers
  • Spud wrenches
  • Sewage pumps
  • Pocket levels
  • Tuggers
  • Pry bars
  • Ratcheting polyvinyl chloride PVC cutters
  • Shower valve socket wrenches
  • Universal nut wrenches
  • Jam-proof ratchet threaders
  • Shears
  • Hand hacksaws
  • Flat blade screwdrivers
  • Metal hand saws
  • Block and tackle equipment
  • Strap wrenches
  • Pipe flaring tools
  • Pipe threaders
  • Loaders
  • Radius markers
  • Offset pipe wrenches
  • Vise grip pliers
  • Safety harnesses
  • Power pipe cutters
  • Air-acetylene torches
  • Rasps
  • Pipe welding vises
  • Two-hole pins
  • Inductive clamps
  • Gas leak detection devices
  • Heat guns
  • Augers
  • Chain tongs
  • Moisture meters
  • Soil pipe cutters
  • Automatic levels
  • Heavy duty drain cleaning machines
  • Trenchers
  • Video diagnostic tools
  • Nylon strap wrenches
  • Power hacksaws
  • Portable grinders
  • Pedestal grinders
  • Pipe bending mandrels
  • Locking pliers
  • Hollow core socket wrenches
  • Polyvinyl chloride PVC cutters
  • Mini hacksaws
  • Pipeline jacks

Alternative Job Titles